, , , .
- , . - [1, . 213217].
. .
, , , .
[1, . 222225].
. , , .
:
D = D + d + 2d, (5.1)
D , ; |
d = (0,0080,01) D - , ; |
d , . 5.2. |
5.2
D + d, | ||||||
d, | ||||||
h , |
L L , L L :
L =L + L +L . (5.2)
( , L ), 1 . = L , = 0,40,5 . L = 11,2 ; L = 1,41,7 .
b , . . L = 1,6...2,0 b .
() :
L = m 1 + m 2 + m 3, (5.3)
m 1 | , ; m 1= 1,22,2 b , ; |
m 1 = 1,45...1,65 l ; | |
l | - , ; |
m 2 | ; m 2= 0,15 , m 2= 0,45 ; |
m 3= 0,6...0,7 . |
= D + d; = D 2 h , h () , . 5.2.
|
|
, . 1,21,9 , 1,72,0 .
, : M = L / D . > 0,95...1,0; = 0,8...1,0; = 0,45...0,6. , , .
, . . , , :
W = W 1 + W 2 + W 3 + W 4,(5.4)
W 1 | ; |
W 2 | ; |
W 3 | - ; |
W 4 | . |
. 5.1.
. 5.1. ,
:
W 1 = [2(q + p ) L D + P ]μ1, (5.5)
q = γ(h + D /2) | , /2; | |
h , ( ); | ||
p a - , /2, ; | ||
D | , ; | |
P | , ; . 2 ; P = = 35 100; | |
μ1 | , μ1= = 0,30,5. | |
W 2 . , , :
W 2 = P n > p F , (5.6)
P | , , P = 5070 ; |
n | , ; |
F | , , 2. |
:
, (5.7)
pn | , /2; |
.
W 2= 0.
:
, (5.8)
pw | , /2. |
W 2 [1, . 224].
|
|
:
W 3 = P μ2, (5.9)
P , , ; |
μ2 ( 0,18; - 0,56). |
:
W 4 = K P μ2, (5.10)
P , , ; |
K = 2 . |
, W 3 , W 4 .
:
, (5.11)
; |
g g , . g = 1 g = = 0,95, g = 1,15 g = 0,9. |
k = 1,31,5, , :
P = k, (5.12)
:
,
n | , . |
, ( ) . n = 1216 , n = 1624 , n = 2436 . P ≤ 2500 .