, , .
, .
: . . , - . , .. q ( = -1.60210-19 ):
q = ç e çN, N - . (1.1)
.
, , .. .
n
S qi = const. (1.2)
i
.
p p , .. p, pp p p , p
q1q2
F = ¾¾¾, (1.3)
4pe0r2
q1 q2 - p, r - p , e0 = 8.85.10-12 / ( 2/(H2) - p .
(H), (). 1/4pe0 = 9 .109 / ( H.2/2 ).
p q1 q2 , . :
q1q2
F = ¾¾¾, (1.3,)
4pee0r2
e - , p. e = 1, e > 1.
n >2 , , , .. F, , F i, :
n
F = F 1+ F 2 +... + F n = S F i. (1.4)
i = 1
. q1 = q2 = 5 , q3 = 2 b = 10 (.1). m = 1 , q0 = -2 , ?
. q0 q1, q2,,q3 F1, F2, F3 (.1.1,). q0, , F. F F 1 F 2 (.1,) F 12. F 12 F 3 (.1,) F. , .
|
|
q3 F 3 F 3
F 3 α q0 q0
q0 F 1 F 2 F
F 1 F 2 F 1,2 F 1,2
q1 q2
.1.1
F. F 1 F 2 , α F 1 F 12 60˚, q0 F 1 F 12 │ F 12│=│ F 1│.
q1q0 - q3q0
F =│ F │=│ F 12 - F 3│=│ F 1 - F 3│= ¾¾¾¾¾¾.
4pee0r2
:
F q1q0 - q3q0
= ¾ = ¾¾¾¾¾¾, (1.5)
m m 4pee0r2
r - q0 , , b
r = b /(2cos 30˚). (1.6)
(1.5) (1.6) :
q0 (q1 - q3) (4 cos230˚)
= ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾.
m 4pee0 b 2
, :
210-9(5 - 3) 10-6 4 075
= ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾¾ = 10,8103( /2).
110-64 3,1418.8510-120,12
, , . p q, , p qp, p pp. p p qp , p , p q.
pp p p . p p , p qp, :
E = F / qp. (1.7)
(1.3) (1.7), p , p q p r :
q
E = F / qp = ¾¾¾. (1.8)
4pe0r2
p p
q
= ¾¾¾. (1.9)
4pee0r2
p , p F, qp, :
F = qp E. (1.10)
p p , p qp. Hp p E p , p qp. q > 0, p p , p. 1.2,. p q < 0, p p p (p 1.2, ).
E E
+q h h -q h h
A A
a) )
1.2
/ ( / ), / (/ ).
( ). . , , , (.1.3).
|
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E 1
E 2
E 3 q q
E 4
S S E 5
.1.3 .1.4
E ( 1.4,) (.1.4,).