:
URL;
.
. ³ , ' www - (URL ). www-, , : ( URL ) > Enter.
. ³ ,
"" - .
, -.. ■.■*- \ ■ ' '■■■ ■ ■< '■ ■ '-■' '-<:^
. : .
:
:
_www.google.com
_www. alta vista, com
_www.rambler.ru
_www.vandex.ru
_www.aport.ru
_http://www.bingo.com.ua/cgi-bin/index.cgi
_http://el.visti.net
_http://www.silver.kiev.ua
_http://topping.com.ua
_http://poisk2000.com.ua
_http://ipages.com.ua
䳿:
1. ׳ . .
2. .
3. .
4. .
1. , . ³ .
() ( ), 躻 .
. , .
2. .
Internet Explorer - ( )
www.rambler.ru > .
3. .
[[Rambler's top 100. ] > () > > .
100 . . . .
. > , , . , .
AND - ( ), OR - ( ) ..
|
|
|
...
'!
. ,
, .
ICQ
ICQ, ѳ' , , (볺), .
ICQ I seek you ( , --́).
ICQ Mirabilis. 1996 . 1998 AOL Mirabilis, ICQ, . 2010 Digital Sky Technologies (DST, Mail.ru Group) ICQ AOL $187,5 .
' ICQ ́.
45 . , , , , , , ⳿, ͳ, , , 糿, , , . []
1
2
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.2
2.3 ³
3
4 볺
5
6
6.1 볺
6.1.1 볺
6.1.2 볺
6.1.3 볺
6.1.4 -
6.1.5
6.2
7 [3]
7.1
7.2
7.3
8
8.1
9
10
11
12
13 .
14
15
15.1 볺 ICQ
[.]
ICQ , OSCAR. -볺 (.. ), , ' . . ' 볺, , . , 볺 , .
, . ICQ Inc. , Mirabilis, 1998 AOL, 2010 - Digital Sky Technologies (DST). , ICQ Inc. -볺 -.
ICQ 볺 . , 15 , - 400 . UIN. ICQ .
|
|
|
[.]
[.]
, 볺, -. UIN(Universal Identification Number)- , 5-9 . , , , .
ϳ , , , XMPP, .
:
ͳ - ' , , UIN, , , ;
, , UIN ( );
, , ', , , , , ..;
BMP, JPEG GIF;
- UIN- , , 볺;
;
.
, -볺 , .
, UIN. , , 볺, , : , .
, 2002 .
[.]
, , , . . ( ). .
( ), 泻 (Offline), (), 泻 (Online). :
³ (Away) - , ( ). , '.
(N/A - Not Available) - , ³ . ' (: ICQ 5.x ).
, (Away N/A) 볺.
³ (Free for chat), (Do not disturb) (Occupied). ICQ 4, , , , , ICQ 2003b , 볺. , ICQ 6 Occupied, Free for chat. , ICQ 6 Do not disturb Occupied, , , Occupied.
|
|
|
, - (invisible). 泻, , .
[.]
ϳ 볺 ICQ . , .
- . , , , , .
1000 . :
[.]
ICQ , , - .
3 :
- , , 泻. , . , .
- , , , 볺 ( QIP, Miranda, RnQ ).
- 泻, , 볺.
.
[.]
. , , 볺, , . , . :
, , , .
, , , , , , .
[.]
³
ICQ 㳺 Peer-to-peer, -' ', . , 泻. , IP ( ) . ICQ 5, ' ICQ, . , 볺 ICQ , P2P-' ( , IP .)
|
|
|
[.]
ICQ AIM. ICQ AIM, .
[.]
볺
: ICQ (볺)
' -볺. [?] : ICQ Lite ICQ 7.0 ( ICQ 7.0 Rambler )
볺 , .
ICQ Mirabilis. ICQ, ( Compad) 볺.
볺 ICQ ( Compad). ϳ 볺 ICQ Xtraz, : , SMS, IP-, , .
볺, IT-. ֳ 볺 , ' . , ' (, ).
[.]
ICQ () , , , , . ³ , AOL Inc., . .
(acceptable use policy) ICQ Inc. , ICQ.
7 2000 [1]:
, , - - ICQ , - . , ICQ Inc. - - , , , .
[]
(.)
[.]
[.]
볺
. :
볺, AOL , 볺, . 볺 , , ICQ.
ֳ 볺 OSCAR, ICQ Terms of Services. OSCAR 2008 .
볺, , , , 볺 AOL. :
, , 볺 (, Windows Mobile);
';
, , (, ) ;
볺 ;
볺 .
, ICQ Xtraz, .
볺 , ' . , :
|
|
|
³ - 볺;
;
, , ;
, 볺.
[.]
볺
Miranda IM 볺 Windows . ϳ ICQ ( ), . ³ GNU General Public License.
QIP Infium 볺 Windows, QIP2005. ϳ, ICQ, Mail.ru Agent, XMPP . [2]
볺, libpurple, , ICQ:
Pidgin 볺 GTK2;
Adium 볺 Mac OS X;
Proteus 볺 Mac OS X;
Instantbird - 볺, XULRunner;
Empathy
Kopete
Trillian
Meetro
Centericq
QutIM
Naim
:
[.]
볺
QIP2005 볺 Windows. [2]
& RQ (R & Q )
Licq
StICQ
iChat
[.]
볺
Jimm .
Wapalta , ICQ. Java MIDP 2.0.
Pigeon! 볺 ICQ Windows Mobile, .
[.]
-
Meebo 볺, - .
Imo.im -볺 .
[.]
[.]
ICQ . UIN, , . . 볺 , (. . -, , ) .
, , () . [?] ICQ ' ICQ, ICQ 1996 - 1997 . -, ' , .
[.]
[3]
1996 , , ³ , - (), Mirabilis - ICQ.
( ).
. Mirabilis IM , 볺.
1998 AOL 289 Time Warner ICQ, Incorporated. [4]
Microsoft ICQ [5]:
IM , ICQ.[6] [7]
, .
( Windows Messenger ICQ), ICQ .
Microsoft .
2010 Digital Sky Technologies (DST), , AOL ICQ 187 500 000 .[8]
[.]
2008 2009 , 볺. AOL - , , . . 볺 . .
2008 ICQ, 볺. ICQ System.
9 ICQ, 볺, , ICQ 5.1 .
29 - ICQ , 볺 .[9]
21 : 2009 볺 . [10]
IP- UIN 1:
ICQ . ICQ web- ICQ.
[]
(.)
icq.com ' ICQ: ICQ : ICQ Lite ICQ 6.5.
22 2009 볺 : QIP ( , ), Miranda.
3 2009 21 .[11]
[.]
16 2010 , UIN'a -.
[.]
̲ , .[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]
[.]
ICQ . , , .
, 볺 볺 , .
ICQ I seek you [20] (. ).
[.]
, , - ICQ-볺, ' , , , (, , - , - ).
[.]
29 2010 , ICQ , - QQ.
[.]
Mail.ru Group ICQ 2009 2010 35% (17,6 .) 33,5 . . 2010 16,4 . ( 9%). Mail.ru Group ' -, IT . Comscore Գ , ICQ - . .
[.]
Online
Away ' ( )
N/A (Not available)
Occupied
Do not disturb
Invisible
Offline
[.]
ϳ ICQ . .
Qutlook Express
Outlook Express .
Outlook Express Windows Windows 95 OSR 2.5, Windows NT, Internet Explorer, 4.0. Outlook Express Mac OS.
Outlook Express , Microsoft Outlook , . , . , Outlook, Outlook Express, 2007 . []
1
2 .
3 .
4
[]
Outlook Express Microsoft Internet Mail and News, Internet Explorer 3.0 ( Outlook Express, - msimn.exe).
Outlook Express, Windows Vista, Windows.
30 2007 Microsoft - Windows Live Mail, Outlook. Windows Live Mail Windows Live.
[]
.
Outlook Express , , , . - . , .
.
, . :
, , backup.
, ...
:
(Ctrl+A)
...
backup
Outlook Express
. C:\Documents and Settings\% %\Local Settings\Application Data\Identities\%{ }%\Microsoft\Outlook Express. -> -> -> .
.dbx
Outlook Express.
backup (Ctrl+A)
.
backup.
Web-. , , :
1. URL,
2. ( name),
3. ( ).
, :
1. , , . , copyright,
2. WEB-, WEB-,
3. , ,
, - HTML-, body - . , ( ).
. . :
1. html ( index.htm) , .
2. html .
html . html homepage.htm menu.htm. index.htm, :
<html>
<title> </title>
<frameset cols="*,140">
<frame src="homepage.htm" name="frame1">
<frame src="menu.htm" name="frame2">
</frameset>
</html>
: <html></html> <title><title> - html
<frameset> rows cols , . : - . - % %` 100%. - *. 20%,20%,60% 20%,20%,* . frameborder="X" border="Y" x y . (<frameset cols="*,140">) , 140 , .
<frame> - . src , homepage.htm (<frame src="homepage.htm"...). name , "frame1". . menu.htm homepage.htm. html : <a href="file.htm">file</a> - <a href="file.htm" target="frame1">file</a> - target="_top" . marginwidth="x" marginheight="y", x y . </frameset> .
:
homepage.htm *
menu.htm 140
<frameset cols="*,140">
<frame src="homepage.htm" name="frame1">
<frame src="menu.htm" name="frame2">
</frameset>
homepage.htm 100
menu.htm *
<frameset cols="100,*">
<frame src="homepage.htm" name="frame1">
<frame src="menu.htm" name="frame2">
</frameset>
homepage.htm 100
menu.htm *
<frameset rows="100,*">
<frame src="homepage.htm" name="frame1">
<frame src="menu.htm" name="frame2">
</frameset>
homepage.htm *
menu.htm 60
<frameset rows="*,60"> <frame src="homepage.htm" name="frame1">
<frame src="menu.htm" name="frame2">
</frameset>
:
<frameset rows="*,60">
<frame src="homepage.htm" name="frame1">
<frameset cols="45%,55%">
<frame src="menu.htm" name="frame2">
<frame src="menu2.htm" name="frame3">
</frameset>
</frameset>
<frameset cols="*,55%">
<frame src="homepage.htm" name="frame1">
<frameset rows="15%,15%,70%">
<frame src="menu.htm" name="frame2">
<frame src="menu2.htm" name="frame3">
<frame src="menu3.htm" name="frame4">
</frameset>
</frameset>
<frameset cols="50%,50%">
<frameset rows="50%,50%">
<frame src="homepage.htm" name="frame1">
<frame src="homepage2.htm" name="frame2">
</frameset>
<frameset rows="50%,50%">
<frame src="menu.htm" name="frame3">
<frame src="menu2.htm" name="frame4">
</frameset>
</frameset>
frameset , . . frame . .
frameset
<frameset [cols="value" | rows="value"]> <frameset> </frameset>. , , <frame>, <frameset> </frameset>, <noframe> </noframe>, , .
: rows cols.
rows="---" , . , . . ( ). rows , . :
value . , , . , , , - , 100%- .
value% 1 100. 100, 100%. , , 100, .
value* , value . "*" , . "*" ( "*,*"), . , ( ). , "3*,*,*", , 3/5 1/5 .
cols="---" , rows, , .
! . , : <frameset rows="50%,50%" cols "50%,50%"> .
: <frameset cols="50,*,50"> - , 50 , . <frameset rows="20%,3*,*"> - , 20% , 3/4 (.. 60% ), 1/4 (.. 20% . <frameset rows="*,60%,*"> - .
<frameset> , .. :
<frameset rows="50%,50%">
<frameset cols="*,*"
</frameset>
</frameset>
<frame>
<frame src="url" [name="frame_name"] [marginwidth="nw"] [marginheight="nh"] [ scrolling=yes|no|auto] [noresize ]> frameset. src="url" URL , . , .
name="frame_name" . HTML- ( , ). . target, . target <a href="URL" target="name_frame"> </a>. . target (_top, _blanc, _self, _parent).
_top -
_blanc -
_self - ,
_parent -
name_frame -
marginwidth="value" , . value . .
marginheight="value" , marginwidth, . scrolling="yes | no | auto" . yes , , no , . Auto ( ).
<noresize> . , , Windows. noresize . noresize, .
<noreframes> , , , , , . frameset, , <noreframes> </noreframes> , . , . .
:
1. ( 0 ) .
2. , - .
3. <noreframes> , . .
:
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2. , .
3. "" , .
4. , .
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