, ᒺ .
m n .
. 3.2.
12-, ; ; 1 6; ; ; 璺 ( ); 璺 ( ).
, , m, L , L L S.
,
a - .
. 3.2 a = 30o; 60o; 90o; 120o; 150o; 180o L = 0,52; 1,00; 1,41; 1,73; 1,92; 2,00.
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. 3.3 L , L , L S, . 3.2, m.
L , L , L S
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3.3.
. 3.3 :
- , , , , ; , ;
- , ;
- , , , .
ʳ ᒺ .
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, 1 ( ) 4 ( ) 5 ( ), 0 ( ) 3 ( ) 4 ( ).
, , , , .
.
.
D 1, D 2, D 3, D 4, D 5 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 n = 12, m = 4 (. 3.2) . 3.4. . 12 .
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3.4.
, - , 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 D 1, D 2, D 3, D 4, D 5, .
n = 12, m = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 . 3.3.
3.3.
ʳ | ʳ | |||||||
D 1 0 | D 2 1 | D 3 2 | D 4 3 | D 5 4 | D | |||
m = 1 | 2,68 2,68 | 1,68 1,68 | ||||||
m = 2 | 3,03 3,03 | 2,03 2,03 | ||||||
m = 3 | 3,04 3,26 | 2,04 2,26 | ||||||
m = 4 | 2,97 3,35 | 1,97 2,35 | ||||||
m = 5 | 2,86 3,38 | 1,86 2,38 | ||||||
m = 6 | 2,75 3,31 | 1,75 2,31 |
. 3.3 D :
,
:
.
. 3.5 D m.
. 3.5 :
- , ;
- , , .
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3.5. D m
. 3.6.
11 .
1 , ; n; (i, j = 1, 2, , n).
2 .
3 .
4 .
5 .
6 .
7 = + .
8 . > 9, 11.
9 , , .
10 , .
1.
2. = ∞
3.
4.
5.
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6.
7. = +
ͳ
8. >
9. = , = , =
10.
ͳ
11.
ʳ
3.6.
11 , . ͳ - 3, .
. 3.6 m n .
, n ≈ 120, m = 1, 2,..., 120 2 n - 1 ≈ 2120, m n .
, m, m n i k i k +1 n (1 ≤ k ≤ m) k < .
N 1 (1 ≤ N 1 ≤ n - k + 1), N 2 (N 1 + 1 ≤ N 2 ≤ n - k + 2),..., Nk (Nk- 1 + 1 ≤ Nk ≤ n).
, n = 5, k = 3 = 10 : 1, 2, 3; 1, 2, 4; 1, 2, 5; 1, 3, 4; 1, 3, 5; 1, 4, 5; 2, 3, 4; 2, 3, 5; 2, 4, 5; 3, 4, 5.
( 10.00 16.00). , , , , .
k , , .
12 , , , 603700/12000 = 50,3 . ( 4 ). 8 .
:
- () L 1 ;
- () L 2 ;
- () L 3 .
30 /, k , , 8 5 , 1, 2 3 :
= 1 + 2 + 3 = .
L 1 = L 3 = 8 k ≈ 16. 8(k + 1) ≈ 136 , 68 .
, , , , , , 40 .
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L 1 = L 3 = 8 ( 8 6 , 8 ), L 1 L 3 , L 2 , 16 12.
40 5024 . , (603700 . ) 120 .
̳ , , - .