.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


, ,




( ) () . - , . , , . , , . , , , . , , , . .

5) ϳ 140 . ., 20 . ., 50 . . -20 , 10 . 5 . . 1 , . 20 . . : , , .

-140 .

-20 .

-50 .

20

-10

-5 .

-

-20

--?\ -? -?

=140+20+50+5=215

210/215=0.98

140/20+50/10+5*12+20*4=152 .-

152/20=7.6 .

1) , 80000 ., 40 . ³ 12%, 8%. , 65000 .

80000 ., 40

³ 12%, 8%.

65000 . -?

. - , . , .

= + + %

= 80000/40 =2000 .

% = 80000* 0,12 = 9600 .

( , , .)

65000 = + 2000 +9600

= 53400 .

2) 60 . ., 40 . ., 2 . . 20 , 5 . .

-60 .

-40

-2

-20

-5

-?

=60+40+2=102

60/20+40/5=3+8=11

102/11=9.3-1

3) ֳ 12 . ʳ 3 . . 3 . 2 . 12 . . . , , , ?

ֳ . =12 . ʳ . = 3 . .

(AFC) 2 .

12 .

-?

AFC=FC/Q - ,

2=FC/3000

FC= 6000 -, ᒺ

AVC= VC/Q

3= VC/3000

VC = 9000 () -, ᒺ

= 12*3000= 3600

= 3600-9000=27000 . ().

= 36000-(9000+6000)= 36000 15000= 21000 . , , , . .

(FC) , . , c ( , ), , . ' , , . (VC) , . , , , , . ( ) ; , , , , .

4) ? ?

: , , . . , , . , , , , .³ . , , . . ³ . , .

5) ϳ . 60 . ., 10 . . 2:1. 300%.

) , , ?

) , , 20%?

) , , 200%, ?

- 60

10

2:1

m'=300%

)C;V =2;1

V =35

=60+ 10 + 70

m = m' *V/100%

m = 105

)105 - 100%

-20%

=21

= 126

)

m = 200* 35/ 100 = 70

1) , 15%, 18%, 8%.

15%,

V 18%,

Q 8%.

(Ip) -?

Գ

M * V = P *Q

, M, V, P,Q = 100%,

Im=100+15=115%

Iv = 100+18=118%

Iq = 100 -8 =92%

Ip =Im *Iv/Iq

Ip =115% * 118% / 92% = 147,5%

47,5%

2) 200 . .. 4:1. 300%. .

=200 ..

= 4:1

- 300%

W -?

-?

/V =4:1

200000 =4V

V =50000 .

:

300% = m/50 *100%

m= 150 ..

- , , . W = C+V +m W = 200+50+150 = 400 ..

, , .

= m/V *100%

=150/50*100% = 300000.

3) 42 . ., 500 . . 볺. 520 . . ϳ 16% 10%. , 3 . . ?

42 . .

볺 500 ..

520 ..

16% 10%

3000.

-?

.

520 . * 0,16 =83,2 .. 500* 0,1 =50 ..

=% - % = 83,2 -50 =33,2 ..

= ( )/ *100%

=33,2/42*100% = 79 ..

4) , ? ( )? ( ). ( ).

( ) ?

, . , , - , , , , . , , , , , , . ֲ , . , , - , . () . . '. ', (, ), () , .

 

 

5) ( ) ?

I 5200 + 3000v + 2400m = 10600;

II 5400 + 2000v + 1800m = 9200.

, . ?

I 5200C + 3000V +2400m = 10600W

II 5400C + 2000V + 1800m = 9200W

³ , , :

IV = IC+IIC 10600=5200+5400=10600

IIV = I(V+m) + II(V+m) 9200=5400 +3800 =9200

I(V+m) = IIC 5400=5400

 

10600 -5200=5400. ,

9200-1800-2000 = 54000.- ,

5400 .

1) , 70 . . 6 . . , 310 . . 㳿 15 . . , 500 . . 28 . . . ( ), ? , ?

- ( ) , . , . , , , .

70 . , 6 .

310 ., 15 .

500..,-28 .

= / + *100% (- , )

6000/70000*100% =8,6 . -

15000/310000*100% = 4,8 . -

28000/500000*100% = 5,6 . -.

2) 5 , 8 , 10 . 2008 2,80 /, 25 /, 4 /. 30%. , 4 . , 40 , 6 .

5 2,8 / : 4 /

8 25 / 65 /

10 4 / 6 /

. 30%

. -?

- , , .

: 5*2,8 +25*8 +10*4 =14+200+40 = 254 .

: 5*4 + 8*65 +10*6 = 20+520+60 = 600 .

254 100%

600 %

= 24%, 24%

:

= 30% / 24%*100% = 125%, . 25%

3) : Qd=408, : Qs= 6 + 22.

:

) ;

) ;

) ( ), 5 .? .

) ( ), 1 .? .

Qd = 40 8p

Qs = 6+22p-

)в ֲ , ' ' .

40 8p = 6+22p

34 = 30

= 1,13 -

)Qd = 40 -8*1,13 = 40 -9,04 =30,96 - -' .

) = 5

Qd= 40 -8*5=0-

Qs=6+22*5= 116-

116

) = 1

Qd = 40-8

Qs = 6+22 =28

4

4) , ? , ? ? ?

(), .

, . . . , , , , .

, - .

, , - . - , .

. . , , .

, , , . .

. .

, . , . , .

,

5) ϳ 340 . ., 80 . . 20:1. 1 , . 26 . : , , .

= 340 + 80 .

20:1

1 .

.. 26

1.

-? -? 1 . -?

= 340+80 = 440 ..

/ V = 20/1

20V = 440 V = 22.

= 440+22 = 462.

440 / 26 =16,9 . -

= 80*2 = 160 .

V = 22 *12= 264 . -

16,9+160+264 = 440,9 . -

1) 45 ., 16 . , , , 85 .

= 45

AFC =16 . 85 .

TC( ) -?AVC( ) -? FC() -?

ATC = TC / Q

45 = TC /85 TC = 3825 .

AFC = FC / Q

16 =FC / 85 FC = 1360 .-, , , , .

TC = FC+VC 3825 = 1360 +VC

VC =2465 . , .

AVC = VC /Q

AVC = 2465 / 85 = 29 . - - , , .

2) 8 . 64 . . . , 25 ? ? ?

8

. =64 .

-? 25 .

8*25 = 200 .

200 / 64 = 3,125 . -

³ = 1 . *

. =3,125 *200 =625 .

: . . : 1) ; 2) , ; 3) , . . , -, : , , , . ³ , , . . .

3) 75 . 22%.

) , , 10%, 45%? ) , ?

= 75 . -100%

22 %

V 10%

Q 45%

) M = 122%

V=110%

P = 100%

Q =145%

P = M*V/Q

P=122*110/145 = 92,5% 7,5%, , , .

)75 . - 100%

. - 92,5%

= 69,4 . - .

4) , ᒺ II. II. ?

, , . II. , , , . , ( ; ) . (, , ) . , , , , . , , , , , . . , .

II, , , . , , . II , . , . , , . . , , , . , , ֳ , , II.

5) 690 ., 900 . 780 ., 950 . 1000 ., 1200 . 850 ., 990 . . :

) ( )?

) ? ?

. 690 .

900 .

780 .

950 .

2 :

. 1000.

1200.

- 850 .

990.

) . :

: 1000 / 690*100% =144,9%

: 1200 / 900* 100% =133,3%

. 11,7%

) :

: 850 / 780*100% =108,9%

: 990 / 950*100% = 104,2%

.:

.= / *100%

: 144,9 / 108,9 *100% =133%

: 133,3 / 104,2 *100% =127,9%

. 5,1% .

1) 20 %. , , 18%.

. 20%

18%

. -?

- , . :

100% + 20% =120%

ֳ: 100% -18% = 82%

120 / 82 *100% = 146,3%

, . 46,3%

2) 22000 . . , 90000 . 20 . г 8, 10%

- 22000 .

= 90000 20

% 8%

10%

-? -?

90000 / 20 = 4500 - - , .

- , .

= + + %

: 90000*0,1 = 9000 .

22000 = +4500 +9000

= 8500

ֳ - , . :

ֳ = / % *100%

ֳ = 8500 / 10 *100% = 85 000 .

3) : , , ( ).

.: 2005 2400

2009 3200

. 2005 2000

2009 2500 .

, . -? -?

. = 3200 / 2400 *100% = 133,3% 2005 2009 33,3%

= 2500 / 2000*100% = 125% 25%

. = . / *100%

= 133,3 / 125 *100% = 106, 6%

6,6%

4) , ( )? .

́ , ' . . , . , ; ; . .

́ ́ , (). ( ) , .

=

m( ) = W() (C( )+V( ))

5) : ) ; ) , ) , , 3 .

) - - .

= 50*18+ 110*12 +45*17 / 50+110 +45 = 900+ 1320+765 / 205 = 2985 / 205 = 14,6

) , -

14,6* 3 = 43,8

) , :

1 : 18*3 = 54

2 : 12*3 = 36

3 : 17*3 = 51 .

(+),(-) :

1 : 43,8 - 50 = -10,2 * 50 = 510 -

2 : 43,8 36 = +7,8 * 110.= 858 . -

3 : 43,8 51 = - 7,2 *45 = 324

16

1) 790 ., 540 . , 55 .

TC = 790 .

VC = 540 .

AFC =?

Q = 55 .

.

AFC = FC/Q

, FC ( ) TC=FC+VC

FC=TC-VC

FC=790-540=250 (.)

,

AFC = 250/55 = 4,5

2) : 105 . , ( ) 80 . , 72 . , 4%, 10 . .

. 105 .

. 80 .

. 72 .

4 %

10 .

= ( / ) * 100%

= 80. 72 . = 8 .

= (8 . / 80 .) * 100% = 10%

= 10 % - 4 % = 6 %

3) 40 . . 15 . . , 10 . . . 2 . . ?

= 40 ..

= 15 .

. . = 10 .

=?

= / *100%

= (10 .. / 55 ..)*100% = 18%

, .

4) : , ? , ?

- . . , - ( ). . , . , . , , : , , . . , , , . , , : , . , , (, , , , , ), , ' , ', . (, , ). :-, , ';, ( );, , ( ).г . : , , ; , .

5)

, , . 72 . . 12 .

) 2 ?

= /

1) = 72 .. / 12 = 6 ..

2) 6 . * 2 = 12 .. 10

) , 8% , 6%?

) 8 , 1,5 , ?

1) = 72 .. / 12 = 6 ..

2) (6 . * 8 ) * 1,5 = 72 . 8 1.5 .

17

1) 800 .., 20 . , 30 .

AVC = 20 .

TC = 800 . .

Q = 30 ..

г

AVC=VC/ Q

20 = VC / 30 ..

VC

VC = 20 . * 30 ..= 600 . .

TC = FC + VC

800 . . = 600 . . + FC

FC

FC = 800 . . - 600 . . = 200 .

2) 440 . . 100 . . 40 .. , , 10 . .

=( )/(.+)*100%

. =40-10/440+110*100%=5.45%

3) 8

120

1 30

, 200 . ?

1 = 120 / 8 = 15 .

1 30 . 1 /

15 / 30 . = 0.5

, 200

200 * 0.5 = 100

³

4) , ?

, , , .

, :

, ;

ᒺ , ( , , );

, / ;

(, ), , ', .;

, , , ;

: .

5) .  15 , 12 , 8 . 1 10 ,18 , 20 . 15%, 10%, 450 .

) , 1 3 ? , , ?

)

 

1  15 .

2 12.

3 8.

1 . 10 ., 18., 20.,

% 15 %, 10 %

450 .

) , 1 3 ? , , ?

 

1

15. * 10 = 150

150 * 3 = 450 .

2

12 . * 18 = 216

216 * 3 = 648

3

8. * 20 = 160

160 * 3 = 480

ֳ = (/ %) * 100%

ֳ = (450/ 15 %) * 100% = 3000

1

450 + 45 = 495

2

648 + 64,8 = 712,8

3

480+48 = 528

)

ֳ = (/ %) * 100%

ֳ = (495 / 15%) *100% = 3300 - 1

ֳ = (712,8 / 15%)*100% = 4752 - 2

ֳ = (528 / 15%) * 100% = 3520 3

18

1) 1050 240

ֳ 12 %

?

(1290/ 1050) * 100% = 123 %

(123% / 112%) * 100% = 110%

2) , , 3 . 10 , 7 . , 200 , - 150 .

1 = 3 .

 

. 1 (.) ʳ  
       
       

 

= (10 * 200) + (7*150) / 200+150 = 8,7 () -

= 8,7 * 3 = 26,1 (.)

3 ) 260 . .

120 . .

60 . .

6 . .

100 . .

15 . .

28 . .

11 . .

. = 260+120+100 = 480 .

. = 62+6+15+28+11 = 120 .

= 260+120+60+100+28 = 568 . .

= 6+15+11 = 32 .

4) , . , ?

- () . , , , .

:

-, ( ) ;

-, , ;

-, .

. . - . , 25% - .

19

1) 15 %

30 %

(115% / 130%) * 100% = 88,5 %

100% - 88,5% = 11,5%

11,5 %

2) 180

50/

12 .

% 10 %

8 %

-?

180 * 50 = 9 . .

ֳ = ( / %) * 100%

ֳ = (9.. / 8%) * 100% = 112,5

3) , , , , . ? ?

           
           

= ( 400 310) / (80 0) = 1,125

 

= (120 200) / (220 360) = 0,57

 

= (250 - 0) / (450 150) = 0,83

 

́ á , , , .

, , .

4) , ? , , , ? , , ?

. , , . . , . ³ 86.

86 ,

 

 

,,,

. (,, ,)

-

- , , . : . , .
. , . , , , .
, , , , , . ,

5) , , . 90 . . 10 .

) 4 ?

) , , ?

) 8 .

-90 . 10

=90/10=9 .

90-9*4=54 .- 6

90-9*7=27 .

27*2=54 .- 7

90-9*8=18 .- 8

20

1. 120 , 40 ./, 12%, 10%. .

S=120,

=40 % 12%

-10%

=/ % *100%=120*40=4800

=4800/10%*100%=48000

2) ϳ 600 . ., 15 , 3 . . 11 ?

=600/15=40

600-40*11=160 -

3) 40 . ., 2 . ., 40 . ., 5 . . 3:1. 20 , 3 . .

40 .

-2 .

-40 .

-5 . /V=3/1

. 20

-3

-?

г -?

=40+2+40+5=87

V=20

=116

г -80/20+7*3=25

4) , ? ?

, (. ). , , . , () . , , , . - -. - - - . - . - , -. (- ). -, . .. .

5) -800 20

-2200 50 .

% -10% -12% -40

-25

.-10

=2000

.-90

г -520

.-?

-?

.=-.=520-25-10-40-800/20-2200/50=361

=-+ =361-90-2000*0.12=31

ϳ .

21

1.) , , , 15%, 7%, 8%.

I=85%, =107%, q=92%, Iv -?

Iv= Ip*Iq/I

Iv=107*92/85=115,8%

15,8%.

2.) 250. . 120. 22000.; 8000. -?

= 250*120=30..

=

= 30-22=8.

= +

= 30-22+8=0

Գ .

.

; `.

3.) 30 . ., 12 . ., 8 . . . .

.=30..; .=12..; V=8.. .-? C/V-?
.=C + V

C = 30+12-8=34..

= 34+8=42..

C/V=34/8=4/1

- , ` .

, .

, .

4.) , ( )?

, ,

, . - , . .

- , ( ) () ³ ( ) ( ).

. . (, ) , , , , .

5.) 300. 5,5. . .% -12%. 1200.. . 80.. ֳ -? -?

ֳ =*100% / .%

=

= -

= 300*5,5=1650..

= 1650-1200=450..

= 450-80=370..

ֳ = 370*100% / 12%= 3083,3..

22

1.) 180 ., 80 . , 65 .

ATC = 180 .; AFC = 80 .; Q = 65.

VC -? TC -?

TC=FC+VC

ATC=TC/Q

AFC=FC/Q

TC = 180*65=11700.

FC = 80*65 = 5200.

VC = 11700-5200=6500.

2.) =160.; 30. ; 300. . .-?

= /

ֳ = /

³ = *

ֳ = 160/8=20.

= 20/30=0,66.

³ = 0,66*300=198

³ .

3.)





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