3.1 3.30 . , ? . , , , , , .
. , 䳺 , , .
, (3.1)
m ,
;
;
k , k = 1, 2, 3,
(3.1) , , - . 䳺 , , , , , .
, (3.1) :
, (3.2)
, (3.3)
. (3.4)
x = x(t) ,
k, n, h, p .
(3.2)
x = C1 sin(kt) + C2 cos(kt). (3.5)
.
(3.3) - n k:
n > k x = C1 el1t + C2 el2t. (3.6)
k > n x = e-nt (C1 sin(k1t) +C2 cos(k1t)), (3.7)
k = n x = e-nt (C1 + C2 t). (3.8)
l1, l2, k1 , k n,
t ,
1 2 , .
(3.6) , (3.7) (3.8) , -.
(3.4)
x = x* + x** (3.9)
x* , (3.5),
x** (3.4) :
x** = f (B sin(pt), D cos(ht). (3.10)
(3.4) -
x = A sin(kt+j) + x**. (3.11)
A, B, D j , .
(3.11) .
3.1
D, 1 2, . 3.1, 1, 2. 2 䒺 1 1 V0, .
, D , 1, , 3.1, : , k , . .
|
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, , 3.1 .
3.1
3.1
3.2
, a 1 2, 璺 1 2, . 3.2. 2 䒺 1 V0, f. 1, .
3.2 , m 1, m2 1 2, , , k , .
3.2
3.2
3.3
, - 1 , 2 D, 1 2, .3.3, m1, m2 . 2 䒺 1 V0. 1, , B , D , R = m V.
3.3 -, , k , , d .
3.3
3.3
3.4
1 2, 1 2 m1 m2,, . 3.4. 2 䒺 1, 1 Vo,
x = H1 sin(p1t) + H2 sin(p2t)
1 - .
- 3.4 .
3.4
3.4
3.5
D1 m, 1, 2 3, 3 䳺 , . 3.5. V0,
x = H1 sin(p1t) + H2 sin(p2t)
, D1 D2 , , .
- 3.5 .
3.5
3.5
3.6
ҳ m - 1, 2 D , . 3.6. R, V R = m V, m , . V0 xo, x.
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- , , .
3.6 -, .
3.6
3.6
3.7
ҳ m h , 1, 2 D, . 3.7. h U . R, , V R = m V, m , .
, ,
.
3.7 , .
3.7
3.7
3.8
a - a m, 璺 1 2, , . 3.8. - .
x =H1 sin(p1t) + H2 cos(p2t)
- , f.
3.8 .
3.8
3.8
3.9
a - a m, 璺 1 2 D, . 3.9. . D :
R = m V. xo Vo,
.
,
f.
- 3.9 .
3.9
3.9
3.10
1 2 m1 m2, , - 1, 2 3 . 3.10. 1 2 : m1/m2 = n, - k. - l .
2 , 1 Vo . 1, , (), () (j o), , .
- 3.10 .
3.10
3.10
3.11
D, - 1 2, . 3.11, 1. 1 2 1 2 V0, . , D , 1 2 , , 3.11, : - , k , . - .
|
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, , 3.11 .
3.11
3.11
3.12
, a , 1, 璺 1 2, . 3.12. 1 2 V0, , 1 䳺 f, 2 . 1 2, .
3.12 , m1, m2 1 2, , , k , .
3.12
3.12
3.13
, - 1 , 2 D, 1 m1, . 3.13. 1 2 m2 , 1, 2 V0. 1 2, , B -, D , -
R = m V.
3.13 , , k , , d .
3.13
3.13
3.14
1 2, 1 m1 , . 3.14. 1 2 m2, -
x = H1 sin(p1t) - H2 sin(p2t)
1, 2 - , - Vo. 3.14 .
3.14
3.14
3.15
D m, 1, 2 3, 3 , . 3.15. V0,
x = H1 sin(p1t) + H2 sin(p2t)
- , , D , . - 3.15 .
3.15
3.15
3.16
ҳ m - 1, 2, c3 D , . 3.16. R, V R = m V, m , . V0 xo,
|
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x.
- , , .
3.16 , .
3.16
3.16
3.17
ҳ m h , 1, 2, c3 D, . 3.17. h U . - R, V R = m V, m , .
- , -, .
3.17 , .
3.17
3.17
3.18
a a m, 璺- 1 2, , . 3.18. - . -
x = H1cos(p1t) +H2sin(p2t)
- , - f.
3.18 -.
3.18
3.18
3.19
a a m, 1 2 D, . 3.19. . D : R = m V. xo Vo, .
- , f.
3.19 -.
3.19
3.19
3.20
1 , - 1, 2 3 . 3.20. 1 k, l .
1 2, Vo -. 1 2 : m2/m1 = n. 1 2 , - , (), () (j o), -
, .
3.20 -.
3.20
3.20
3.21
D, 1, 2 3, . 3.21, 1, 2. - 2 䒺 1 - 1 V0, .
, D , - 1, , 3.21, : , k ,
. .
, , 3.21 .
3.21
3.21
3.22
, a , - 1 2, - 1, 2 3 . 3.22. - 2 䒺 1 - V0, , -. 1, .
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3.22 -, m1, m2 1 2, , , k , .
3.22
3.22
3.23
, - 1 , 2, 3 D, 1 2, . 3.23, m1, m2, . 2 䒺 1 V0. 1, , B , D , R = m V.
3.23 , , k , .
3.23
3.23
3.24
1 2, 1 2 m1 m2, , . 3.24. 2 䒺 1, 1 Vo,
x = H1 sin(p1t) + H2 sin(p2t)
1 - . 璺 D .
- 3.24 .
3.24
3.24
3.25
D1 m, 1 2, - 1 䳺 , . 3.25. V0,
x = H1 sin(p1t) + H2 sin(p2t).
, D 1 D2 , , .
3.25 -.
3.25
3.25
3.26
ҳ m - 1, 2, 3 D , . 3.26. R, V - R = m V, m - , . V0 xo, x.
, , - .
- 3.26 .
3.26
3.26
3.27
ҳ m a , - 1, 2, 3 D, . 3.27. U l. D R, V R = m V, m - , .
, , .
3.27 .
3.27
3.27
3.28
30o -
a m, - 1, 2 3, , . 3.28. .
x =H1 sin(p1t) + H2 cos(p2t).
- , , D, , .
3.28 -.
3.28
3.28
3.29
a -
a m, - 1, 2 , 3 D, . 3.29. . D : R = m V. xo Vo, .
- , , , , .
3.29 .
3.29
3.29
3.30
1 2 m1 m2, , , - 1, 2, 3 c4 . 3.30. 1 2 : m1/m2 = n, k. l .
2 , 1 Vo . 1, , (), () (j o), , .
3.30 .
3.30
3.30