RCHO. (CHO) . - , , . RCOR'.
, - CnH2nO.
HCHO (, ) | ||
CH3CHO (, ) | ||
CH3CH2CHO ( ) | CH3COCH3 () | |
CH3CH2CH2CHO ( ) | 2- | CH3COCH2CH3 () |
, , , , .
- , .
, .
.
-.
: - , ( , 40 %- ); - , ; - , .
() .
( ). ( +) , .
:
2CH3CHO + 5O2 4CO2 + 4H2O
2CH3COCH3 + 9O2 6CO2 + 6H2O
( ).
HCHO RCHO RCOR' . , .
) ( ):
HCHO + H2 CH3OH
CH3COCH3 + H2 CH3CH(OH)CH3
, - .
:
CH3CHO + Ag2O 2Ag + CH3COOH ( " " - )
HCHO + 2Cu(OH)2 2H2O + Cu2O + HCOOH ( - )
.
( -, . . 2- ):
2() | |||
CH3 | CH2 | CHO | + Cl2 CH3CHClCHO + HCl |
|
|
.
)
CH3OH + CuO HCHO + Cu + H2O
)
CH3CH(OH)CH3 + [O] CH3COCH3 + H2O
.
)
CH3CH2OH CH3CHO + H2
)
CH3CH(OH)CH3 CH3COCH3 + H2
: CH4 + O2 HCHO + H2O ( 500o )
( ; ): C2H2 + H2O CH3CHO
: 2C2H4 + O2 2CH3CHO
:
( ) .