.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


: , , ,




RCHO. (CHO) . - , , . RCOR'.

, - CnH2nO.

HCHO (, )  
CH3CHO (, )  
CH3CH2CHO ( )   CH3COCH3 ()
CH3CH2CH2CHO ( ) 2- CH3COCH2CH3 ()
 

, , , , .

- , .

, .

.

-.

: - , ( , 40 %- ); - , ; - , .

() .

( ). ( +) , .

:

2CH3CHO + 5O2 4CO2 + 4H2O
2CH3COCH3 + 9O2 6CO2 + 6H2O

 

( ).
HCHO RCHO RCOR' . , .

) ( ):

HCHO + H2 CH3OH
CH3COCH3 + H2 CH3CH(OH)CH3


, - .

:

CH3CHO + Ag2O 2Ag + CH3COOH ( " " - )
HCHO + 2Cu(OH)2 2H2O + Cu2O + HCOOH ( - )


.

( -, . . 2- ):

  2()    
CH3 CH2 CHO + Cl2 CH3CHClCHO + HCl

.
)

CH3OH + CuO HCHO + Cu + H2O


)

CH3CH(OH)CH3 + [O] CH3COCH3 + H2O

 

.
)

CH3CH2OH CH3CHO + H2


)

CH3CH(OH)CH3 CH3COCH3 + H2

 

: CH4 + O2 HCHO + H2O ( 500o )

( ; ): C2H2 + H2O CH3CHO

: 2C2H4 + O2 2CH3CHO

:

( ) .

 

 





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