, , : ( ; Popper & Eccles, 1977, . ), (, Haken, 1981), (Bertalanffy, 1968).
. 41.2.3 . (Haken, 1981) , , , . . . () , . . , . , , . (Prigogine & Stengers, 1986), , ( ). , , (/) (/), (. Olson, Sprenkle & Russel, 1979). , .
41.2.3.
( 65 , 70). , . , , . , . , . , . , , . , . . , , , .
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---
. ? , (). . , , - - , , . , ( , ), (, ). . .
, , , : . , , ( , ), , . , , .
. , . , . , , . (. 41.2.4).
41.2.4.
, (Watzlawick, Weakland & Fisch, 1974) , . , , ; . . , . , . , : , , , . , ( !).
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---
, ( ) . , . , , , , , , .
, (Minuchin, 1977) . ( , , ), . , , , . . 41.2.1 .
. 41.2.1.
A. , , . , , .
. , . , , , , , .
B. . .
, , , . , . , , , , . , . , .
. . (Colapinto, 1991) :
- : (, ) (, );
- :, , . .;
- : , , , , , , .
, , . , , , . , , , -. .
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( ) (Selvini-Palazzoli, Boscolo, Czecin & Prat, 1977). , . . , (, ) (, ). (Dell, 1981), , (Seltzer, 1986).
- ( ).
- .
- ( , ).
- , .
- .
. . , , , . , . . , . . , , , . , , . , , , , .
, . , . , (Todd, 1986), , , , , . , , . -, . , . ; (. : Madanes, 1982, 1991; Weeks & L'Abate, 1979, 1982; Seltzer, 1986; Todd, 1986).
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(Gurman & Kniskern, 1981). , . , , 73% (61% ). , . , (Patterson, 1975). . , .
, , . , (Treatment on Demand-Kontrollgruppe; TOD; . Gurman & Kniskern, 1981); , , ( . 22).
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