2.1. .
. 1 : 40 ,
³ 45 HRC,
40 ,
£ 350 .
1 2 ³ 70.
. , 1 2. . , 40; 40 .
. 2 40 : 4550 HRC, , 269302 , .
:
= 285,5.
.1, , HRC, 1=457.
1 2 = 457 285,5 = 171,5 > 70.
2.2
[s]1 , [s]2:
[s] = L ×s / SH,
SH ( ) , SH = 1,1; , SH = 1,2; L , ; s .
L.
,
N , .2; N - .
N = 60 × n × t,
n ; , = 1; t , .
, :
:
=
= 98,9 × 106
N02 (.2):
N02 = 22,5× 106 , :
, .. N2 > N02, L2 1.
:
:
N1 = N2 u = 98,9 106 4= 395,6 × 106
N01- (. 2):
N01 = 69,9 106 , : = 1, .. N1 > N01 , L1 .
. 3, s, N:
: s1 = 17HRC.1+ 200 = 17 47,5 + 200 = 1008
: s2 = 2.2 + 70 = 2 285,5 + 70 = 641 .
:
[s] = L ×s / SH.
: [s]1 = L1 × s1 / SH = 1 × 1008 / 1,2 = 840 .
|
|
: [s]2 = L2 × s2 / SH = 1 641 / 1,1 = 583 .
1 2 = 457 285,5 = 171,5>70 2. =
= 285,5<350 :
[s]=0,45 ([s]1+[s]2).
[s]=0,45 ([s]1+[s]2) = 0,45(840+583) = 640 , : [s] 1,23[s]2, [s] = 1,23[s]2.
[s] = 640 < 1,23[s]2= 1,23 × 583 = 717 .
2.3 [s]F1 , [s]F2.
:
[s]F = KFL × KF ×sF0 / SF,
sF0 ; SF = 1,75 ( ); KF ( KF = 0,7 0,8; KF = 1); KFL .
KFL L, ..
,
NF , NF = 4⋅106 ; m = 6 HB ≤ 350, ; m = 9 HB > 350 .
NF1 = N1 NF2 = N2. NF1 NF2 > NF, KFL1 KFL2 1.
. 3 , NF:
sF01 = 550 , , m < 3 ;
sF02 = 1,8 .2 = 1,8 × 285,5 = 514 .
, :
:
[s]F1 = KFL1 × KF ×sF01 / SF = 1 × 1 × 550 / 1,75 = 314 ,
:
[s]F2 = KFL2 × KF ×sF02 / SF = 1 × 1 × 514 / 1,75= 294 .
2.4
4.1.
,
, , = 43, ( = 49,5); ψ= 2 / w , 0,280,36, , ; U , U =4 (. 1 ); 2 , , 2=3=448 (. 1 ); [s] , /2, [s] = 640 (. 2 . 2 ); b .
ψ yd : yd = 0,5y (U 1), . 4, b.
yd= 0,5 0,3(4+1)=0,75, + , .. .
|
|
. 3, b = 1.
w:
= 131,3 .
w :
:
1- 40, 50, 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400
2- 140, 180, 225, 280, 355, 450
w = 140 .
4.2. m, :
,
m , , m = 5,8 ( m = 6,8);
d2 = 2 w × U / (U 1) , .
, :
d2 = 2 w × U / (U 1) = 2 × 140 × 4 / (4+1) = 224 ;
b2 = y × w , , :
b2 = 0,3 × 140= 42 ;
[s]F2 , (. 2 .3 [s]F1 [s]F2);
[s]F = [s]F2 = 294 .
2 , , : 2 = 3 = 448 (. 1 ).
:
= 1,88 .
:
1- : 1,0; 1,5; 2; 2,5; 3; 4; 5; 6; 8; 10
2- : 1,25; 1,75; 2,25; 2,75; 3,5; 4,5; 5,5; 7; 9
m=2 .
4.3. bmin :
sin ,
m ; .
, :
sin 0,1666.
.
β= 816.
4.4. :
ZS=Z1+Z2=2 wcosbmin/m.
:
ZS= 2 × 140 × cos 9,6/2 = 138.
ZS , : ZS= 138.
4.5. ,
cos b=(ZSm/2 w)).
:
β=arccos(138 × 2/(2 × 140)) 9,6.
4.6. :
.
, :
= 27,6.
Z1=28, Z1 ³ 18.
4.7. :
Z2=ZS Z1.
: Z2 = 138 28 = 110.
4.8. U ΔU U ( 8 1 ):
.
, :
= 3,93.
, .
4.9. :
w = (Z1 + Z2)m/ (2cos b) = (28+110)2∕(2 cos 9,6)=120 .
4.10. :
) :
d1= mZ1/cosb;
d2 = m Z2 / cosb.
:
d1 = m Z1 / cosb = 2 × 28 / cos 9,6= 56,79 ;
d2 = m Z2 / cosb= 2 × 110 / cos 9,6= 223,12 .
4.10 d df :
d1 = d1 + 2m;
d2 = d2 + 2m;
df1 = d1 2,4m;
df2 = d2 2,4m.
, :
d1 = d1 +2m = 56,79 + 2 2 = 60,79 ;
d2 = d2 + 2m = 223,12 + 2 2 = 227,12 ;
df1 = d1 2,4m = 56,79 2,4 2 = 51,99 ;
df2 = d2 2,4m = 223,12 2,4 2 = 218,32 .
2.5
5.1. :
w = (d1 + d2) /2 = (56,79 + 223,12) /2 = 140 .
5.2. s, :
,
K . K = 376, K = 436;
Ft = 22 × 103 / d2 , , 2 = 3 ,
|
|
Ft = 23 × 103 / d2= 2 × 448 × 103 / 223,12 = 4015,7 .
a , : (. 4) ν = w3 d2 / (2 × 103), / 9 (. 4):
ν= 11,5×223,12 / (2 × 103)= 1,28 /.
, a= 1,11.
n . 5, (. 4),
n= 1,01.
β, U, d2, b2 (. 3, .1, .8, .10, .2).
, ,
= 578,6 .
s [s] = 640 .
:
= 9,5%.
(s < [s]) 10% (s > [s]) 5%. , b2.
, w, , .
5.3. sF1 sF2, :
,
,
m , m = 2 ; b2 = 42 , , ; Ft = 4015,7 , , ; Fa , , , Fa = 1.
6 7 8 9
Fa 0,72 0,81 0,91 1,00
Fa = 1, .
Fβ , β, Fβ = 1; Fν , (. . 5), Fν = 1,05; YF1 YF2 .
. 6 Z1 Z2 , ,
Zn1 = Z1 / cos3b Zn2 = Z2 / cos3b,
β , .
Zn1 = Z1 / cos3b = 28 / cos39,6 = 29.
Zn2 = Z2 / cos3b = 110 / cos39,6 = 115.
.6 : YF1 = 3,8; YF2 = 3,6.
Yβ = 1 b /140 , ,
Yβ = 1 9,6/140 = 0,93.
[s]F1 = 314 [s]F2 = 294 , (. .3, 2).
:
= 168
sF1 = sF2 × YF1 / YF2 = 168 3,8 / 3,60 = 177,4 .
, sF [s]F, , .. , . sF > [s]F 5%, m, z1 z2 . w , , .
2.6 , .
, :
Ft1 = Ft2 = 2T2 103 / d2,
T2 , T2=T3=448 ; d2 , d2 = 223,12 , .
|
|
T2 d2 :
Ft1 = Ft2 = 2 448 × 103 / 223,12 = 4015,7
Fr = Fr = Ft2 × tg a /cos b,
, αw , 200.
, Fr = Fr = 4015,7 ∙tg 20/cos9,6=1482,4
Fa1= Fa2 = Ft2 tgb
, Fa1 = Fa2 = Ft2 × tg β = 4015,7 × tg 9,6= 679,2 .
:
Fn = Ft2 / (cos aw cosb).
Fn = Ft2 / (cos aw cosb)= 4015,7 / (cos 20 cos 9,6)= 4334,1
2.7
:
d (),
T2 , , ; = (12 15) .
:
D ≈ 1,6 d.
: ) l = b2,
) l ≈ (1,01,5) d.
:
δ0 ≈ 2,5 mn.
mn ( ) m , ( 4).
b2, d2, d2, dF2 ( 4).
:
S ≈ 0,3 b2.
t2 , 14.