. , . 1943 . (Warren McCulloch) ϳ (Walter Pitts) .
1949 . (Donald Hebb) " ". '.
1950- . ' . (Nathanial Rochester) IBM. , , .
1956 . , , . : ( ) .
1958 . (John fon Neumann) .
1959 . ³ (Bernard Widrow) (Marcian Hoff) ADALINE MADALINE ( ˳ (Multiple ADAptive LINear Elements)). MADALINE , , . .
(Frank Rosenblatt) . . . , 1969 ., ̳ (Marvin Minsky) (Seymour Papert) "".
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1982 . . (John Hopfield) 쳿 . ϳ .
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1989 . " " ³ , .
1990 . 16 13 , .
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