(1-16% 0-2%) (. . 10.2). , , , , (Kendler & Diehl, 1993).
10.2. 1-
1- | ||
Coryell & Zimmerman, 1988 (RDC/DSM-III) | 1,4% | 0,0% |
Gershon et al., 1988 (RDC/DSM-III) | 3,1% | 0,6% |
Kendler et al., 1993c (DSM-III-R) | 8,0% | 1,1% |
Maier et al., 1993a (RDC/DSM-III) | 5,2% | 0,5% |
Parnas et al., 1993 (DSM-III-R) [ , , ( High-Risk-).] | 16,2% | 1,9% |
Gershon et al., 1988 (RDC/DSM-III) | 7,2% | 6,7% |
Maier et al., 1993a (RDC/DSM-III) | 7,0% | 1,8% |
Gershon et al., 1988 (RDC/DSM-III) | 16,7% | 0,3% |
Kendler et al., 1993d (DSM-III-R) | 31,1% | 22,8% |
Maier et al., 1993a (RDC/DSM-III) | 21,6% | 10,6% |
Maier et al., 1993b (DSM-III-R) | 17,3% | 6,8% |
/ | ||
Noyes et al., 1986 (DSM-III-R) | 17,1% | 1,8% |
Weissman et al., 1993 (DSM-III-R) | 18,7% | 1,1% |
Maier et al., 1993b (DSM-III-R) | 7,9% | 2,3% |
Fyer et al., 1990 (DSM-III) | 31,0% | 11,0% |
Fyer et al., 1993 (DSM-III-R) | 16,0% | 5,0% |
Noyes et al., 1987 | 19,5% | 3,5% |
(. 10.3). , , 50% ( McGue & Gottesman, 1991); , -, .
10.3. (MZ , DZ )
MZ | DZ | MZ | DZ | |
Kringlen, 1976 (ICD-7) | 45% | 15% | ||
Farmer et al., 1987 (DSM-III-R) | 48% | 10% | ||
Onstad et al., 1991 (DSM-III-R) | 48% | 4% | ||
Bertelsen et al., 1977 (ICD-7) | 79% | 19% | ||
Torgersen, 1986 (DSM-III) | 25% | 11% | ||
McGuffin et al., 1991 (DSM-III) | 53% | 28% | ||
Kendler et al., 1992d (DSM-III) | * | * | 49% | 42% |
Kendler et al., 1993b (DSM-III-R) | * | * | 48% | 42% |
: | ||||
Pickens et al., 1991** (DSM-III) | 59% | 36% | ||
: | ||||
Pickens et al., 1991** (DSM-III) | 25% | 5% | ||
Kendler et al., 1992a (DSM-III-R) | * | * | 26% | 12% |
/ | ||||
Torgersen, 1983 (DSM-III) | 41% | 4% | ||
Kendler et al., 1993a (DSM-III-R) | * | * | 24% | 11% |
Kendler et al., 1992b (DSM-III-R) | * | * | 22-26% | 11-24% |
Torgersen, 1983 (DSM-III) | 0% | 5% | ||
Andrews et al., 1990 (DSM-III) | 22% | 14% | ||
Kendler et al., 1992c (DSM-III) | * | * | 28% | 17% |
Kendler et al., 1992c (DSM-III-R) | * | * | 4% | 10% |
* , (MZ 510, DZ 440).
|
|
** : McGue et al., 1992.
. . ZK ( , , ); ZD . : ZK / (ZK + ZD). : 12 6 (12 ), 4 4 (4 ), 8 8 : ZK = 12 + 4, ZD = 8. = 16 / (16 + 8) = 67%.
, . DSM-III,, , , ( 1- . ) (McGuffin, Farmer, Gottesman, Murray & Reveley, 1984). , (Kendler & Diehl, 1993).
, , , , - , . , DSM-IV /-10 . , , (Kendler & Diehl, 1993).
|
|
30 , . , - , . , , . . , 10% . , , ( ).
. 10.1 .
10.1. : (. Maier, Lichtermann et al., 1993; Schwab et al., 1995)
(1) ? (2) ? (3) - , ? (4) , ? ?
- . 146 (DSM-III-R) 1- ( 17 ; n = 435); 109 ( ) 1- ( 17 ; n = 320); 264 1- ( 17 ; n = 795).
- . DSM-III-R - (SADS-LA:Assessment of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Lifetime Version); Family History Interviews ( DSM-III-R -10); DSM-III-R.
- . Wisconsin-Karten-Sortier- , , .
- . ( , : 36 50 ). , 6 ( ).
1. 1- , : 1,1% ( : 0,5%); - 7,0% (: 0,9%); 4,9% (: 0,0%).
2. . 10.4, , . , . . , : , .
|
|
10.4.
1- | ||||
3,9% | 0,5% | 0,4% | 0,5% | |
1,1% | 4,4% | 1,1% | 1,2% | |
11,0% | 11,1% | 11,3% | 6,9% |
3. (. . 10.5). ( ) , , , , ( ). , , , , .
10.5. Wisconsin-Karten-Sortier-Test (WCST) , (: Franke et al., 1992)
WCST | |||
( ) | |||
32,8% | 39,3% | 41,6% | |
7,7% | 4,1% | 2,2% | |
1,9% | 0,4% | 0,1% | |
5,6% | 4,3% | 3,6% |
4. , , , , , . . 10.2 ( -), 6 () . Lod-Score ( Y) . Lod-Scores 3,0 , 2,0 . Lod-Scores -2,0 . , 2,0 -2,0 .
. 10.2. 6 (: Schwab et al., 1995)
, Lod-Scores 2,0. , , , . (Straub et al., 1995). , . , , .
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