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6.7.3 :
6.7.3.1. ?
6.7.3.2. ?
6.7.3.3. ? ?
6.7.3.4. ?
6.7.3.5. ?
6.7.3.6. , , .
6.7.3.7. .
6.7.3.8. , .
:
| - | Ө ғң ә ө ә ң қ | Variability property of living organisms to acquire new characteristics under the influence of environmental factors |
| - | ң ә ө | Crossing-over exchange of parts of chromosomes between homologous chromosomes |
| - | қ ң ұқ ө | Mutation persistent change of genetic material |
| - , . () ( ) | . ғ ә | Mutagenic factors factors causing mutation. Distinguish natural and artificial (human-induced) mutagenic factors |
| , | қ ғң ө | Genomic mutations mutations characterising by change of sets of chromosomes |
| ң құң ө | Aberrations changes of structure of chromosomes | |
| (), , () | өң ң ң, ө ә ғ () қ ғ ң қ құ | Translocation exchange of part of chromosomes between two or more chromosomes |
| , | ң құ қң ө | Gene mutations mutations characterising by change of structure and function of gene |
| , () | қ Қ ң ұ () ұ | Mistakes of replication mutations result from uncorrect (noncomplementary) bonding of nucleotides during replication of DNA |
| - , | қ ң ғң Қ ң қ ү қ | Frame-shift mutations -mutations due to loosing or insertion of single or a few nucleotides during replication of DNA |
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