Ag+ | KI | , NH4OH, Na2S2O3 | AgNO3+KI=AgI↓+KNO3 Ag++I--=AgI↓ AgI+2Na2S2O3= =Na3[Ag(S2O3)2]+NaI AgI+3Na++2S2O32--= =Na3[Ag(S2O3)2]+I-- |
Ag+ | K2CrO4 | - HNO3, NH4OH, - | 2AgNO3+K2CrO4= =Ag2CrO4↓+2KNO3 2Ag++CrO42--=Ag2CrO4↓ |
NaOH | HNO3 | 2AgNO3+2NaOH= =Ag2O↓+H2O+2NaNO3 2Ag++2OH--=Ag2O↓+H2O | |
Na2S2O3 | ( ) , | 2AgNO3+Na2S2O3= =Ag2S2O3↓+2NaNO3 Ag2S2O3=Ag2SO3↓+S↓ Ag2SO3+S+H2O= =Ag2S↓+H2SO4 Ag2S2O3+3Na2S2O3()= =2Na3[Ag(S2O3)2] | |
- ( -) | AgNO3+2NH4OH= =[Ag(NH3)2]NO3+2H2O 2[Ag(NH3)2]NO3+ +H2CO+H2O=2Ag↓+ +NH3↑+HCOONH4+ +NH4NO3 | ||
Pb2+ | KI ( -) | (+ + , , ) | Pb(NO3)2+2KI= =PbI2↓+2KNO3 Pb2+ +2I--=PbI2↓ |
K2CrO4 | - HNO3 , | Pb(NO3)2+K2CrO4= =PbCrO4↓+2KNO3 Pb2+ +CrO42--=PbCrO4↓ | |
Pb2+ | H2SO4 | , | Pb(NO3)2+H2SO4= =PbSO4↓+2HNO3 Pb2+ +SO42--=PbSO4↓ PbSO4+4NaOH= =Na2PbO2+H2SO4+2H2O |
NaOH | Pb(NO3)2+2NaOH= =Pb(OH)2↓+2NaNO3 Pb2+ +2OH--=Pb(OH)2↓ | ||
Na2S | HNO3 | Pb(CH3COO)2+Na2S= =PbS↓+2CH3COONa Pb2+ +S2--=PbS↓ 3PbS+8HNO3= =3Pb(NO3)2+3S↓+ +2NO↑+4H2O | |
Hg22+ | - | ||
KI | - , | Hg2Cl2+2KI=Hg2I2↓+2KCl Hg22++2I--=Hg2I2↓ Hg2I2+2KI () =K2[HgI4]+Hg↓ | |
K2CrO4 | - , - HNO3 | Hg2Cl2+K2CrO4= =Hg2CrO4↓+2KCl Hg22++CrO42--=Hg2CrO4↓ | |
Hg22+ | NaOH | Hg2Cl2+2NaOH= =Hg2O↓+2NaCl+H2O Hg22++2OH--=Hg2O↓+H2O | |
- |
1. , , . .
2. , K2CrO4? KI? NaOH? .
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3. , Ag+ Pb2+ ?
4. Hg22+ ?
Ag+ | Pb2+ | Hg22+ | |
Cl-- | AgCl , - , Na2S2O3, (NH4)2CO3 | PbCl2 , - | Hg2Cl2 , |
I-- | AgI , - , Na2S2O3 | PbI2 | Hg2I2 - , |
K2CrO4 | Ag2CrO4 - , , , | PbCrO4 , , - | Hg2CrO4 - , , |
NaOH | Ag2O , - - | Pb(OH)2 , - | Hg2O , |
Na2S2O3 | (Ag2S2O3), (S), -(Ag2S) | ||
KI | AgI , - NH4OH, Na2S2O3 | PbI2 - , KI | Hg2I2 , KI |
H2SO4 | Ag2SO4 , - | PbSO4 , | Hg2SO4 , |
Na2S | PbS , - | ||
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+HCl
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+NH4OH
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+HNO3
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1) . . . . . .
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3) . .