Unit 2. Trades
Trades and training
Buildingprofessionsandjobs. .
bricklayer and mason | [ˈbrɪkleɪəəndmeɪsn] | |
carpenter | [ˈkɑːpɪntə] | |
concrete finisher | [ˈkɔnkriːtˈfɪnɪʃə] | |
electrician | [ɪlekˈtrɪʃn] | , |
foreman | [ˈfɔːmən] | |
general contractor | [ˈʤenərəlkənˈtræktə] | |
glazier | [ˈgleɪzjə] | |
painter | [ˈpeɪntə] | |
plumber | [ˈplʌmə] | |
roofer | [ˈruːfə] | |
subcontractor | [sʌbkənˈtræktə] | |
technician | [tekˈnɪʃn] | |
tradesperson/tradespeople | [ˈtreɪdz,pɜːsn] [ˈtreɪdz,piːpl] | / |
tradesman/tradesmen | [ˈtreɪdzmæn] [ˈtreɪdzmən] | / |
tradeswoman/tradeswomen | [ˈtreɪdz,wumən] [ˈtreɪdz,wɪmɪn] | / |
welder | [ˈweldə] |
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Carpentry | [ˈkɑːpɪntrɪ] | |
Electrical wiring | [ɪˈlektrɪkəl ˈwaɪərɪŋ] | |
Health and safety | [helθəndˈseɪftɪ] | |
HVAC | , , | |
Masonry and concrete | [ˈmeɪsnrɪəndˈkɔnkriːt] | |
Painting and decorating | [ˈpeɪntɪŋəndˈdekəreɪtɪŋ] | |
Residential plumbing | [rezɪˈdenʃəlˈplʌmbɪŋ] | |
Roofing | [ˈruːfɪŋ] | |
General training | [ˈʤenərəl ˈtreɪnɪŋ] | |
Classroom teaching | [ˈklɑːsrʊmˈtiːʧɪŋ] | |
On-the-job training | [ɔnðiː ʤɔb ˈtreɪnɪŋ] | |
Supervised training | [ˈsuːpəvaɪzd ˈtreɪnɪŋ] | |
Training course | [ˈtreɪnɪŋkɔːs] | |
Welding | [ˈweldɪŋ] |
Tradematerials
Buildingmaterials..
natural | [næt∫ərəl] | |
artificial | [ɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl] | |
decoration | [dekəˈreɪʃn] | |
brick | [brɪk] | |
concrete | [ˈkɔnkriːt] | |
precast concrete | [́prika:stˈkɔnkriːt]] | |
reinforced concrete | [riːɪnˈfɔːstˈkɔnkriːt] | |
clay | [kleɪ] | |
wood | [wud] | |
rubber | [́rʌbə] | , |
plastics | [ˈplæstɪk] | |
glass | [gla:s] | |
sand | [sænd] | |
lime and cement | [[laɪməndsɪˈment] | |
mortar | [mo:tə] | |
bitumen | [ˈbɪtjʊmɪn] | |
paint | [peɪnt] | |
putty | [ˈpʌtɪ] | |
plasterboard | [ˈplɑːstəbɔːd] | |
wallpaper | [ˈwɔːlpeɪpə] | |
tile | [taɪl] | , |
mineral wool | [ˈmɪnərəlwʊl] |
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Properties.
light | [laɪt] | |
heavy | [ˈhevɪ] | |
flexible | [′fleksəbəl] | |
rigid | [ˈrɪʤɪd] | |
combustible | [kəm′bʌstəbl] | |
non-combustible | [nonkəm׳bʌstəbl] | |
transparent | [træns׳pærənt] | , |
opaque | [əʊˈpeɪk] | |
corrosion resistant | [kəˈrəʊʒənrɪˈzɪstənt] | |
fire resistant | [ˈfaɪərɪˈzɪstənt] | |
light resistant | [laɪtrɪˈzɪstənt] | |
water resistant (proof) | [ˈwɔːtərɪˈzɪstənt] | |
weather resistant | [′weðərɪˈzɪstənt] | |
wear resistant | [weərɪˈzɪstənt] | |
a good conductor | [gu:dkən′dʌktə] | |
a poor conductor | [puəkən′dʌktə] | |
heat | [hi:t] | |
elastic | [ɪˈlæstɪk] | |
plastic | [ˈplæstɪk] | |
soft | [sɔft] | |
hard | [ha:d] | |
pervious | [′pəviəs] | |
permeable | [ˈpɜːmjəbl] | |
impermeable | [ɪmˈpɜːmjəbl] | |
high (low) compressive strength | [haɪkəmˈpresɪvstreŋθ] | () |
high tensile strength | [haɪˈtensaɪl] streŋθ] |
Numbers
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1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten | 11 eleven 12 twelve 13thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty | 21 twenty-one 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 a hundred / one hundred |
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plus | [plʌs] | |
minus | [ˈmaɪnəs] | |
times | [taɪmz] | |
divided by | [dɪˈvaɪdɪdbaɪ] | |
equals | [ˈiːkwəlz] | |
brackets | [ˈbrækɪts] |
Instructions
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adjust | [əˈʤʌst] | |
attach | [əˈtæʧ] | , |
fill in | [fɪlɪn] | |
fit | [fɪt] | |
join | [ʤɔɪn] | |
level | [levl] | |
nail | [neɪl] | |
slide onto | [slaɪdˈɔntʊ] |
base plate | [beɪspleɪt] | , |
brace | [breɪs] | |
coupling pin | [ˈkʌplɪŋpɪn] | |
frame | frame [freɪm] , | , |
guardrail | [ˈgɑːdreɪl] | , |
jack | [ʤæk] | |
ladder | [ˈlædə] | |
locking pin | [ˈlɒkɪŋ,pɪn] | , |
mudsill | [ ˈmʌdsɪl ] | |
planking | [ˈplæŋkɪŋ] | |
scaffolding | [ˈskæfəldɪŋ] | , |
The imperative
We can use the imperative to give instruction. Use dont (do not) before the verb to give negative instructions. | Fill in the holes. Dont climb the scaffolding. |
We can use the present simple instead of the imperative for informal instructions. | You level the frames. |
, , .
Use nails to join these elements. , .
To join these elements use nails. , .
to. Leveltheground.
do , not to.
Dont use bricks to level the frames.
Sequences
We can use first, next, then, after that, etc. to describe the order of instructions. | First, fill in the holes. Next, adjust the jacks. Then, fit the planking. |
first (), next (), then (), afterthat ( ), , .
Prepositions of place
on | [ɔn] | |
under | under [ˈʌndə] | |
in | [ɪn] | |
(in) between | [ɪnbɪˈtwiːn] | |
in front of | [ɪnfrʌnt ɔv] | , |
behind | [bɪˈhaɪnd] | |
next to | [neksttuː] |
flask | [flɑːsk] | |
hammer | [ˈhæmə] | |
toolbox | [ˈtuːlbɒks] |