.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


Task 13. Put the statements in the right order as they appear in the text.




1. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), and number (population) of particular organisms; as well as cooperation and competition between organisms, both within and among ecosystems.

2. Evolutionary concepts relating to adaptation and natural selection became the cornerstones of modern ecological theory.

3. Ecology is not synonymous with environment, environmentalism, natural history, or environmental science.

4. Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, "house"; -λογία, "study of"[A]) is the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment.

5. There are many practical applications of ecology in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (agroecology, agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, fisheries), city planning (urban ecology), community health, economics, basic and applied science, and human social interaction (human ecology).

6. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history.

7. Ecosystems sustain life-supporting functions and produce natural capital like biomass production (food, fuel, fiber and medicine), the regulation of climate, global biogeochemical cycles, water filtration, soil formation, erosion control, flood protection and many other natural features of scientific, historical, economic, or intrinsic value.

8. Biodiversity, which refers to the varieties of species, genes, and ecosystems, enhances certain ecosystem services.

 

Task 14. Are these statements true or false? Explain your opinion according to the text.

1. Ecology includes the study of interactions organisms have with each other, other organisms, and with abiotic components of their environment.

2. Ecology is synonymous with environment, environmentalism, natural history, or environmental science.

3. Ecology isnt related to evolutionary biology, genetics, and ethology.

4. Ecology is a human science as well. There are many practical applications of ecology in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (agroecology, agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, fisheries), city planning (urban ecology), community health, economics, basic and applied science, and human social interaction (human ecology).

5. Ancient Roman philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history.

6. Modern ecology became a much more rigorous science in the late 20th century.

 

 

Task 15. Translate the article into English and render it.

1900 . 1869 . , . .

, , , , .

, . , , : . XX . , : . : , : , , , , . , , .

, , :

,

, .

, .

, , ; . , , . . . , :

.

, . , . , , , . , , .

 

 

II. ENVIRONMENT

Natural environment

PRE-READING

Before reading the passage,answer the following questions and discuss them with your partner. Then read the passage and find the facts supporting your ideas.

1. What is environment?

2. What are its main components?

3. Why is it important to preserve environment?

TEXT





:


: 2018-11-12; !; : 214 |


:

:

, .
==> ...

1756 - | 1581 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.012 .