.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


. , , : when ; while , ; as soon as ; as long ; as , , , . : as (cj ) (adv , ).

as: as to (for) , ; as compared to (with) ; as far as , , ; as often as not ; as yet , , ; such as , (); as such , , .

As the idea was false, it was rejected , (). We used water as a cooler (). As the world evolves, new and more complicated structures arise , (). As to the problem it cannot be solved now , ().

75. .

1. When in Rome do as the Romans do. 2. Do as most men do, then most men will speak well of you. 3. Dont do as I do, but do as I tell you. 4. Treat others as you would like to be treated. 5. As cool gas enters the hot zone it begins to heat. 6. Thus as temperature is raised less CO² is formed. 7. Some people as often as not are not liable to be interviewed.

Till, until ( ) (). : till, untill (cj ) (prp ).

It is important not to look for solutions until all the facts have been gathered , . Wait for me till 8 8 ().

B efore , . : before (cj ), (prp ) (adv , ).

A tested specimen elongates before a rupture takes place , ().

All gases liquefy before reaching absolute zero ().

I haven`t never seen him before ().

After . C : after (cj ) (prp ).

The elongation of the test specimen was measured after its broken ends had been put together , ().

I went for a swim after a breakfast ().

Because () / , . : because (cj ) because of -, , .

Because they often affect the size of a program the checks are often held in disrepute , .

The practical applications of superconductivity are limited because the very low temperatures are required , ().

The conductivity is never perfect because of resistance to the flow of current in metals - , , ( ).

76. .

1. Facts do not cease to exist because they are ignored. 2. And we forget because we must, and not because we will. 3. The company has lost several customers because of its very bad work. 4. The process has been widely used because it was relatively easy to implement. 5. Because of this the strategy of both players has high stability. 6. He is not able to do things properly because he does not give them enough thought.

Since , . : since (cj ), (prp , ) (adv ).

The concept in this simplified diagram is not new, since emission of electrons from the surface of a heated cathode is a process long used in electron tubes , , , , ().

S ince 1918 electric bulbs have been filled with gas 1918 ().

I met him in 2007 and have not seen him since 2007 ().

77. .

1. Because so many companies produce IBM-compatible computer, there are many possible configurations. 2. The process has been used since its first announcement. 3. These new frequencies are called side frequencies since they appear on each side of the carrier. 4. I have not had a competent lab assistant since Joe left. 5. Since the theory should be a general one it should apply in all cases mentioned. 6. Since (then) attention has been focused on understanding this process. 7. Since 1970 he worked in our lab.

Once , , . : once (cj ) (adv , , - ).

Once data is in a microcomputer, it is processed by the microprocessor , ().

I only met him once ().

78. .

1. Once the tow players choose particular strategies, the play is completely determined. 2. The truth does not come at once. 3. The text will be read once. 4. Once the structure had been completed its decoration was begun. 5. You ought to do it at once.

Now (that) , .

And now that laptop computers have shrunk in size, swiping them has become easier , , .

5.

.

߻

, . . , , . ., , -: flow n () ; flow v () ; since cj () ; since prp () , ; since adv () ; subject n () , ; subj ȇ ct v () .

, , , : account n () ; on account of -, ; account for ; because cj () , , because of prp () -, ; effect n () , , ; in effect , ; fact n () ; in fact , ; n umber n () , , ; number of , , .

, ( ), -:

actual a ( );

affect v ( );

collect v , ( );

collision n ( );

construct v ( );

control v ( );

decade n 10 ( : 10 );

design n , , ( );

effect n , , ( ),

c : effect v , , ;

especially adv ( );

film n ( );

i nstrument n ( );

motor n ( );

operation n , ( );

original a , ( );

prospect n ( );

reflect v ( );

result v , , ( );

resume v ( ) ( );

transmitter n ( ).

(, , , , ) , . . :

act v , ;

application n , , ;

develop v , , ();

challenge n , ; , , ;

consider v , , ;

instruction n , ;

field n , ( );

meet v , ();

operation v , , ;

paper n , , , ;

p rogres n , ;

space v , ;

techni que n , ;

way n , .

, , :

charge n / change n ;

data n , / date n ;

device n , / devise v ;

part n / path n , / party n , ;

: pole n ( ).

, , , -, :

travel v , , .

6. ( )

, : to take a book , , (, ) : to take part ( ). .

6.1.

To take into consideration (account) , : It should be taken into consideration that most materials change the value of resistance when the temperature changes , .

to be under consideration ;

to be under development , ;

to be of importance ;

to be in operation , ;

to be in position ;

to bring (to put, to set) into motion - ;

to draw a conclusion ;

to make use ;

to pay attention ;

to put into operation (use) ;

to take part ;

to take place ;

It requires (to do smth) ( -);

it turns out that , ;

this is the case , .

6.2.

Because of -, (. );

due , , ;


 

due to 1) , -, ;

2) , , , , due to ;

to be due to (-, ), .

They paid due attention to the problem .

The experiment was stopped due to the lack of reagents - .

The scheme due to Pr. A. is of great interest , ., .

This was due to the raise of temperature .

79. .

1. It was not necessary to use the approach due to Blankenship at all. 2. In this regime, the efficiency changes only slightly due to changes in temperature. 3. The error is mainly due to the latter values. 4. After due consideration of the paper we proceeded to other items of the agenda. 5. The disagreement was due to misunderstanding. 6. However, in most instances when the computer fails, it is due to human error and is not the fault of the computer.

Rather than , .

Now she can introduce topics, rather than hoping that people will guess what`s on her mind , , , . : this task is rather difficult / .

80. .

1. This should facilitate rather than hinder necessary change. 2. These uniform fields are the exception rather than the rule. 3. This proves to be rather important.

Thanks to/ owing to/ by virtue of (-); by means . : by no means ; to mean v , ; means n ; mean a ; in spite of (-); in terms of c ; according to (-); regardless of (-); up to date , ; out of date ; for the most part , ; so far ; along with , ; prior to , (-); as compared with (-); with respect (reference, regard) to , (-); by then ; at length .

7. ,

However (still, yet, nevertheless) , , ; hence ; thus , ; probably ; perhaps , ; indeed , ; in fact , ; first of all (to begin with) -, ; second (ly) - ; finally (at last) () ; besides ; on the other hand ; as a rule ; mainly (largely) , ; in particular , ; at most / at best ; at least ; likewise .

, , , . .

The amount of electricity represented by the proton and the electron is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign. The mass of the atom, however, is represented essentially by the proton . .

8.

() . .

Un, in, il, ir, im, dis ( c ): un common ; in capable ; un pack ; dis charge .

Mis - , : to apply /to mis apply .

Co : to operate / to cooperate .

Inter , : changeable / interchangeable .

. : - er, - or , : to develop /develop er ; to send /send er ; to invent /invent or .

- less : wire less ; ontact less payment .

- able, - ible . - /-: to adjust /adjust able ; to compare / compar able .

- ly : easy / easi ly ; practical / practical ly .




<== | ==>
- | 
:


: 2018-10-18; !; : 162 |


:

:

! . .
==> ...

1874 - | 1672 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.066 .