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FAQ

My Hearts in the Highlands 2

       

 

 

 
 

/I/ - /e/ - /æ/

  

 

tin - ten - tan

 
       

 

lid - led - lad

 
       

 

pit - pet - pat

 
       

 

miss - mess - mass

 
       

 

big - beg - bag

 
       

 

 

 
 

/æ/ - /aI/

  

dan - die

pan - pie
       

tan - tie

lad - lime
       

man - mine

can - cime
       

van - vine

sad - side
                         

 

 

Ex. 10
       

 

/h/

 
        he

hell

help

 hold
        him

hill

heel

 held
        his

hid

heat

 hide
        hate

hiss

hit

 hat
                   

 

 

Ex. 11
          /qʊ/   /P/
/qʊ/ stone   no hope boat dog
Oo       so hose load not
  /P/ stop   home nose coat box
        bone dose goat clock
oa /qʊ/ soap   hole pose cold drop
        tone note told lot
o+ld /qʊld/ mold   cope close sold pot
        lone globe old sock

 

 

Ex. 12
         

/ks/

    

/gz/

  
    'exit  

box

next

e'xam

e'xhibit
/ks/ fix  

fox

text

e'xist

e'xample
Xx      

mix

'axis

e'xit

e'xistence
  /gz/ e'xam  

six

'excellent

e'xact

e'xile
                       

 

 

LESSON 3

 

Letter combinations: sh, ch, tch, th, ph

Sounds: /S/ /tS/ /θ/ /ð/ /f/

 

Reading rules:

Ex. 13
         

/S/

    

/tS/

  
sh /S/ shine  

she

cash

cheek

chip
       

sheet

shape

cheap

check
/tS/ check  

sheep

shame

cheese

chess
ch /k/ school  

ship

shelf

chin

chest
  /S/ ma'chine  

dish

shell

chill

child
       

fish

flesh

chat

chose
       

dash

shave

speech

teach
       

 

 

 

 
tch /tS/ ditch  

fetch

match

'kitchen

catch
       

 

 
 

/S/ - /tS/

  

sheet - cheat

chill - fish
       

sheep - cheap

chain - shame
 

 

  

dish - chin

check - shell
                       

 

 

 

Ex. 14
         

/θ/

    

/ð/

  
       

thick

depth

this

breathe
       

three

cloth

these

bathe
/θ/ theme  

thin

tenth

that

with
th      

theme

fifth

those

wi'thin
  /ð/ this  

theft

sixth

they

thy
       

thimble

width

then

than
       

thing

bath

them

'father
       

 

 

 

 
 

/ð/ - /s/ - /z/

  

this is

that is

there is
 

/z/ - /ð/

  

is this

is that

is there
 

 

  

 

 
 

/s/ - /θ/ - /z/ - /ð/

    

see - seem - sin - sat

  
 

 

    

the - these - this - that

  
 

 

    

them - self - then - send

  
 

 

    

sent - then - them - sell

  
 

 

    

see - the - seem - theme

  
 

 

    

sin - thin - silk - thick

  
 

 

    

thought - sort - fourth - force

  
 

 

  

 

 
 

/s/ - /θ/ - /ð/

    

sin - thin - then

 
 

 

    

sick - thick - these

 
 

 

    

seem - theme - them

 
 

 

  

 

 
 

/z/ - /ð/

  

lays - lathe

scythe - size
 

 

  

bays - bathe

loathe - lose
 

 

  

 

 
 

/t/ - /θ/

  

tin - thin

team - theme
 

 

  

tank - thank

tree - three
 

 

  

 

 
 

/d/ - /ð/

  

day - they

dose - those
 

 

  

dare - there

load - loathe
 

 

  

 

 
 

/f/ - /θ/

  

fan - thanks

'formal - 'thermal
 

 

  

free - three

fin - thin
 

 

  

fine - thing

first - thirst
 

 

  

 

 
 

/ð/ - /w/

  

where - there

when - then
                         

 

 

Ex. 15
          /f/  
        phase ֽpho'netics 'phantom
        'photo 'physical phi'losophy
        'physics 'physicist phrase

 

 

LESSON 4

 

Letters: Gg, Jj, Yy, Uu

Sounds: /g/ /G/ /Z/ /j/ /aI/ /I/ /ju:/ /u:/ / ʊ //A/ /a ʊ /

 

Reading rules:

Ex. 16
         

/G/

   

/g/

      gem  

page

gene

gale

gain

    gist  

cage

gin

big

game

/G/ gym  

badge

gentle

god

got

Gg      

'gypsy

'ginger

glide

globe

  /g/ gave  

sponge

'message

gas

peg

    gone  

stage

giant

stag

glad

    glance  

 

 

 

 

    dog  

 

 

 

 

       

 

 

 

 

  /Z/    

rouge

beige

'barrage

'garage

 

 

 

 

 

Jj /G/    

jam

John

'joky

jump

 

 

 

jail

join

'jolly

joy

 

 

 

Jack

joke

just

job

                       

 

 

Ex. 17
        /aI/ /I/ /j/
        by gym yoke
        bye lynch yard
/aI/ type   dye lymph yell
Yy /I/ myth   style 'gymnast year
  /j/ yes   dyke 'system yak
        rye hymn yet
        cry 'tyranny 'yoga

 

 

Ex. 18
       

/ju:/

/u:/

/A/
       

use

rule

up
/ju:/ tune  

fuse

true

cup
Uu /u:/ June  

tube

blue

bus
  /A/ cut  

tune

'lunar

sun
       

mute

clue

plus
       

due

'junior

thus
       

 

 

 
ew /ju:/ new  

few

dew

'steward
       

 

 

 
         

/u:/

    

/ ʊ /

  
/u:/ moon  

too

fool

good

hook
oo      

room

spoon

stood

cook
  /ʊ/ book  

cool

sa'loon

hood

took
    good  

moon

food

foot

loot
       

 

 

 
ou /aʊ/ out  

a'bout

house

loud

cloud
       

mouth

south

proud

sound
       

 

 

 
         

/q ʊ /

    

/a ʊ /

  
/qʊ/ snow  

low

'yellow

owl

clown
ow      

show

'fellow

cow

gown
  /aʊ/ brown  

slow

'window

how

'vowel
       

grow

row

down

'flower
                       

 

 

LESSON 5

 

Letters: Ww, Qq, Rr

Sounds: /w/ /r/ /ŋ/

 

Reading rules:

Ex. 19

       

 

/w/

 

        wet

wit

wink

which Ww /w/     well

wake

went

whip         wale

woke

will

while wh /w/ when   wave

we

weep

whelm         weak

week

with

whence         west

wife

wi'thin

white          

 

 

  qu /kw/ quick   quite

quest

queen

'liquid  

 

 

 

 

 

/w/ - /v/ - /f/

 

wise - vise

wind - fint

       

whelm - velt

weak - 'very

 

 

 

wet - vet

wine - vine

       

west - vest

well - veil
 

 

 

will - vill

wane - vane

 

 

 

weal - veal

worse - verse

 

 

 

wall - 'follow

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

/v/ - /w/

 

'very wise

'very weak

 

 

 

'very warm

'very 'weedy

 

 

 

'very weird

'very 'weary

 

 

 

'very well

'very wet

 

 

 

'very wide

'very wild

 

 

 

'very 'wily

'very 'windy

 

 

 

'very 'witty

'very 'worried

                   

 

 

Ex. 20
       

 

/r/

 
        race

rich

price

 riddle
        rise

root

prime

 strange
        red

stress

dry

 'hybrid
        rate

three

try

 'crystal
        role

cry

grid

 street
        risk

rest

rail

 'ferry
        road

French

room

 green
        'marry

'carry

train

 'sorry
 

 

  

 

 
wr /r/     write

wrap

wreath

 wreck
 

 

   wrist

wrench

wrote

 wrist
        wrong

wring

wrestle

 wrinkle
 

 

  

 

 

Linking /r/:

  

a 'doctor of, 'summer is, a 'teacher of,

'winter is, the 'centre of, in 'winter and,

the 'paper is, are on the table, 'four or two,

a 'teacher of English, a 'doctor of medicine,

are in the bag, are at home
 

 

  
 

 

  
 

 

  
 

 

  
                     

 

 

 

Ex. 21
       

/ŋ/

/ŋg/

 /ŋk/
  /ŋ/ sing   king

'living

'England

 link
ng       sing

'sitting

'English

 pink
  /ŋg/ angle   thing

'hoping

single

 think
nk /ŋk/ ink   long

'smiling

'hungry

 bank
        song

'spacing

'angry

 tank
       

 

 

 
 

/n/ - /ŋ/

  

sin - sing

win - wing
 

 

  

thin - thing

skin - king
 

 

  

win - wink

kin - king
 

 

  

ran - rang

sun - sung
 

 

  

sane - sang

rain - ring
                   

 

 

LESSON 6

 

Sounds: /Q:/ /L/ /W/ /q/

 

Reading rules:

Ex. 22

 

 

   

 

/Q:/

 

 

 

    arm

card

dark

pass ar

/Q:/

car   are

hard

charge

task  

 

    bar

start

sharp

fast

a+s+cons.

 

  far

park

'carbon

grasp

a+f+cons.

/Q:/

  car

mark

large

'after

a+n+cons.

  star

part

scarf

dance

a+th

 

  jar

'party

'article

'father                      

 

 

Ex. 23
 

 

    

 

/L/

 
 

 

    

or

north

bore

talk
or

/L/
port  

for

horse

more

ball
ore

/L/

 bore  

nor

norm

core

chalk
 

 

    

pork

torn

be'fore

fall

a+l+cons.

/L/

  

cord

horn

sore

tall

 

    

form

short

ore

walk

 

    

force

fork

store

small
 

 

    

 

 

 

 
 

/L/ - /Q:/

  

sort - star

force - far
 

 

    

for- far

bore - bar
 

 

    

more - mark

core - car
 

 

    

fork - farm

lord - large
 

 

    

 

 

 

 
 

/A/ - /P/ - /Q:/ - /L/

    

stuck - stock - stark - stalk

  
 

 

      

cut - cod - card - cord

  
 

 

      

bun - box - barn - born

  
 

 

      

but - pot - part - port

  
                         

 

 

Ex. 24
   

 

  

 

/W/

 
   

 

  

herd

first

turn

fern
er  

her

  

nerve

thirst

burn

bird
ir

/W/

firm

  

term

circle

'curtain

purple
yr

myrtle

  

serf

third

hurt

'person
ur  

curl

  

serve

whirl

spur

skirt
   

 

  

berth

birth

fur

purse
   

 

  

 

 

 

 
 

/L/ - /W/

  

horn - her

port - perl
   

 

  

fort - first

thorn - third
   

 

  

north - thirst

born - burn
   

 

  

store - stir

form - firm
   

 

  

score - skirt

torn - turn
   

 

  

for - fur

norm - nerve
   

 

  

 

 

 

 
 

/W/ - /L/ - /Q:/

    

'curtain - core - car

  
 

 

      

'certain - sore - 'sardine

  
 

 

      

'person - port - part

  
 

 

      

'burden - bore - bar

  
 

 

      

turn - torn - tart

  
 

 

      

burst - 'border - barn

  
 

 

    

 

 

 

 
wor

/ wW /

    

work

word

'worship
 

 

    

world

'worker

worst
 

 

    

worm

worse

worth
                         

 

 

Ex. 25
         

/q/

  
ar       'popular

'silver

 'visitor
er

/q/

in an unstressed position

   'solar

'number

 'factor
or   'similar

'summer

 'sector
ur       'murmur

pur'sue

  
         

/q/

  
 

 

   'miner

'farmer

 'paper
 

 

   'letter

'corner

 'over
 

 

   'under

'doctor

 'teacher

Unstressed vowels:

  

 

 
        /i/

/q/

 / - /
e, i, y /i/     'pocket

o'ppose

 'taken
a, o, u /q/     'planet

co'mbine

 'spoken

e, i, o

/ - /

at the end of words before l, n

   e'mit

a'like

 'person
  im'pose

a'ssume

 'lesson
ai+n / - /     'valid

su'pply

 'pencil
        'copy

su'spect

 'curtain
        'lady

su'ggest

 'certain
               

 

 

LESSON 7

 

Sounds: /eq/ /Iq/ /aIq/ /j ʊ q/

 

Reading rules:

Ex. 26

   

 

 

 

/eq/

 

   

 

 

care

chair

rare

a+r+vowel

fare  

bare

pair

share

 

/eq/

   

dare

hair

square

a+vowel+r

 

fair  

spare

'parent

fare

   

 

 

a'ware

pre'pare

'various

   

 

   

 

 

   

/R/ - /eq/

 

car - care

bar - bare

   

 
 

far - fare

dark - dare

   

 

 

park - pare

chart - share

                       

 

 

Ex. 27
   

 

    

/Iq/

  
   

 

   mere

fear

 beer
e+r+vowel

here   sphere

dear

 feer
 

/Iq/

     'herence

near

 'serious
e+vowel+r

 

 peer   se'vere

ear

 Si'beria
   

 

    

 

  
 

/W/ - /Iq/

  

her - here

merge - mere
   

 

  

serve - se'vere

'person - sphere
                 

 

 

Ex. 28
 

 

       /aIq/  
 

 

     tired lyre re'quire
ire

fire

   wire dyre hire
  /aIq/

 

   spire 'Cyrus in'spire
yre  

tyre

   'iron byre sa'tire
 

 

     en'tire 'syren 'diary
               

 

 

Ex. 29
          /jʊq/  
    pure   mure se'cure 'purity
u+r+vowel /jʊq/ cure   'mural en'dure 'curious
    lure   'fury 'during 'durable

 

 

Ex. 30
       

ex'perience

 'series ma'terial
       

co'herent

 su'perior 'tyrant
       

'variable

 Hun'garian co'herence
       

re'quiring

 ֽengi'neering im'perialism
&

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