, , , : 0, 1, , , .
: () , . ( ´ , ).
-- 0 | -- 1 | -- | -- | -- | ||
0 | 0 | ´ | ´ | |||
1 | 1 | ´ | ´ | |||
´ | ´ | ´ | ||||
x 1 x 2 | ´ | ´ | ||||
x 1 Ú x 2 | ´ | ´ | ||||
x 1 x 2 | ´ | ´ | ´ | ´ | ||
x 1 ~ x 2 | ´ | ´ | ´ | |||
x 1 x 2 | ´ | ´ | ´ | ´ | ||
2 | x 1Å x 2 | ´ | ´ | ´ | ||
x 1 | x 2 | ´ | ´ | ´ | ´ | ´ | |
x 1 ¯ x 2 | ´ | ´ | ´ | ´ | ´ |
, : , , , .
( 2 ) 1 - . , , , .
1. () ?
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. k- ?
6. ?
7. ?
8. .
9. ?
10. ?
11. .
12. ?
13. .
14. ?
|
|
15. .
16. .
1. () :
) Y 1 = ;
) Y 2 = ;
) Y 3 = ;
) Y 4 = ;
) Y 5 = .
2. :
) Y = A Ú C Ú B ;
) Y = B Ú A Ú C;
) Y = A Ú B C Ú Ú B D;
) Y = (A Ú Ú ) ( Ú C Ú D) ( Ú B Ú );
) Y = (A Ú ) ( Ú C Ú ) (B Ú D);
) Y = (A Ú D) ( Ú Ú ).
3. , , .
. .
, , . .
14.
.
.
, , , , -
, :
, ;
;
.
14.1.
, , . , .
. 14.1 , .
. 14.1.
. . 14.1.
14.1
- | ||
- | ||
. , . , , , . 14.1, , . . . 14.2, , , .
. 14.2.
.
, .
|
|
, , ,
Y = (x 1 | x 2)Å( x 1).
(, , ) (.14.3):
y = Å(x 3 Ú x 1) = .
)
. 14.3.
, (.14.4).
)
. 14.4.
, , . .
(.. ) , .. , . .
, , , , , . , . 14.5, .
. 14.5.
. , . 14.5, (), , . 14.5, . , 2 . . . , , . 14.5, . , . 14.5, . () () , .
, , , , , . . 14.6 , (. 14.5, ). , .
. 14.6.
14.2.
, . , , SQ, . , . ( ). , , ( ). , .. , ( .., ..).
, . , . , .
1. ( ).
2. .
|
|
3. .
.
. .
, , :
a b Ú a = a
a Ú a b = a, a Ú b = a Ú b, (a Ú b) (a Ú ) = 0, a (a Ú b) = a, a ( Ú b) = a b.
, , .. .
. . , , .
, :
Y = x 2 Ú x 2 x 3 Ú x 1 Ú x 1 x 3 Ú x 1 x 2 x 3.
,
Y = ( x 2 Ú x 2 x 3) Ú (x 1 Ú x 1 x 3) Ú x 1 x 2 x 3 = x 2 Ú x 1 Ú x 1 x 2 x 3.
(7 ).
( , .. x Ú x = x) :
Y = x 2 Ú x 1 Ú (x 1 x 2 x 3 Ú x 2 x 3) = x 2 Ú x 1 Ú x 2 x 3 (6 ).
n - . n - n . . 14.7 3- .
. 14.7. 3-
n , , ( ) n - .
(n - 1)- j n - 1 n - , .. j n - 1 = j n - 1 xi Ú j n - 1 . n - , xi, .
, . , (n - 1)- n - . (n - 2)- n - , 4 .
: Y = x 2 Ú x 1 Ú x 3. . 14.8 .
. 14.8. y
, , .
, y = x 2 Ú x 1 Ú x 1 x 3 Ú x 2 x 3 (. 14.9):
. 14.9.
Y = x 2 Ú x 1 Ú x 1 x 3 (. 14.10):
. 14.10.
n- n £ 3. n > 4 .
14.1. , :
) Y = x 1 x 2 Ú Ú x 1 x 2 3 Ú 1 .
. , , :
x 1 x 2 Ú x 1 x 2 3 = x 1 x 2 (1 Ú 3) = x 1 x 2;
Ú 1 = (1 Ú 1) = .
. Y = x 1 x 2 Ú .
) Y = x 1 3 Ú x 1 x 2 3 Ú 3 Ú Ú x 2 3.
|
|
. :
3 Ú = ( 3 Ú );
x 1 3 Ú x 1 x 2 3 = x 1 3 (1 Ú 2) = 1 3.
:
( 3 Ú ) = ( Ú 3) ( 3 Ú ) = ( Ú 3) = x 2 Ú 3.
:
Y = Ú 3 Ú x 2 3 Ú x 1 3.
, :
3 (x 1 Ú ) Ú Ú x 2 3 = 3 Ú Ú x 2 3 = 3 (1 Ú x 2) Ú = 3 Ú .
. Y = 3 Ú .
) Y = Ú Ú A B C.
. :
Y = Ú A B Ú A B C = A Ú A B ( Ú C) = A Ú A B = A ( Ú B) = A ( Ú B) ( Ú B) = A ( Ú B)
. Y = A ( Ú B).
14.3.
- . ( , ). , ( ) ( ). , , . 1-, - 2-, - 3- .. , ( .., ..).
.
1. .
2. , , .
3. . : .
, , .
, , - ..
4. .
. . , , . , , . , 1, (. 14.11, 14.12, 14.13).
00 | 01 | 11 | 10 |
(x 1, x 2) |
. 14.11.
00 | 01 | 11 | 10 | ||
(x 1) | 0 | ||||
1 | |||||
(x 2, x 3) |
. 14.12.
00 | 01 | 11 | 10 | ||
(x 1, x 2) | 00 | ||||
01 | |||||
11 | |||||
10 | |||||
(x 3, x 4) |
. 14.13.
, Y = x 1 Ú x 2 x 4 Ú x 3 () (.14.14).
x 3 | |||||
1 | x 2 | ||||
x 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
1 | 1 | 1 | |||
1 | 1 | ||||
x 4 |
. 14.14. Y
, 1 , .
.
: , S -, (n - s)- , (n - s) , S , 1 , 0 . , S -, .
|
|
. , (. 14.15) .
x 2 | ||||
1 | 1 | |||
x 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
3 |
. 14.15.
Y1 = x 1 Ú x 1 x 3 Ú x 2 3 Ú x 2;
Y2 = x 1 Ú x 1 x 2 3 Ú x 2;
Y3 = x 1 Ú x 2 3 Ú x 2.
A, B, C, D, E, F (. 14.16).
E | E | ||||||||
A | |||||||||
C | |||||||||
D | D | ||||||||
B |
. 14.16.
().
K (y) y = f (x 1, x 2,..., xn) KS (y) S - (S = 0, 1,..., n), .. K (y) = È KS (y), KS (y) .
S - n n, n .
, 1 (1 xi, 0 ). x.
, 2- x 2 x 5, :
x 1 0 x 1
(x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5).
0-, 1, , 1. S- , .
, , , :
K (y) = K 0 È K 1 È K 2.
.
. 14.17,,.
. 14.17,,.
. S -, , , . , :
,
y = x 3 Ú x 2 Ú . .
. , . , , :
= ,
qs S -, n .
2 :
1 . , S- , , - . , .
2 . . .
14.2. :
) Y = Ú C Ú Ú B Ú A B C Ú A B .
. (. 14.18).
\AB | 00 | 01 | 11 | 10 |
0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
. 14.18. ()
. , , , , :
Y 1 . = Ú B Ú A C.
, , , . 14.19, :
Y 2 = Ú Ú A B.
\ | 00 | 01 | 11 | 10 |
0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
. 14.19.
, , .
. Y 1 . = Ú B Ú A C Y 2 = Ú Ú A B.
) = D Ú A D Ú A B D Ú B C Ú B C D Ú B D Ú C D Ú D Ú Ú A .
. (. 14.20).
. :
Y . = A Ú Ú B C.
CD\AB | 00 | 01 | 11 | 10 |
00 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
01 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
. 14.20. 4- ()
, (. 14.21):
CD\AB | 00 | 01 | 11 | 10 |
00 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
01 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
. 14.21. 4- ()
:
Ú C Ú A C
, , :
Y = = ( Ú C Ú D) (B Ú Ú D) (A Ú Ú D).
14.4. - -
, ( 4-), .
:
. , .
, , , , .. ().
, , - , .
.
, , .
, , .
, . : axi Ú a = a.
, , 0- K 0, 0-, . 1-, 0- . 0-, 1- K 1. K 1 , 2- K 2 .. , KS KS +1 . K 0 :
K = { K 0, K 1,..., KS }, S £ n.
K Z Ì K ( D) , .
, Z. , KS , S - , . 2 S -, ,
, S - S - .
. , , 0- () . , . , - . , , . , .
14.3. 4 y = f (x 1, x 2, x 3, x 4) :
x 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
x 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
x 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
x 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
y | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
:
y =