. , , 1898 3 : , . . . . 2 (declinables) (indeclinables). 1 , . 1.noun-words: noun-pronouns, noun-numerals, inf, gerunds, 2. adjective-words: adj-pronouns, adj-numerals, participles, 3. +verbals. , , .., , 2 . .
. . ; , . , ., , , , .. : , - , , , - .
, , , , .. 2 , . : ., - . , . - . ( ). . (primary), . e. , ; (secondary), . e. , (tertiary), . e. . , a furiously barking dog dog , barking, , , furious ly . ., - .: , - . Sunday afternoon was fine. I spent S.a.at home. S.a. . ... . 3 : 1) To see is to believe. 2) She wants to rent a house. 3) He came to see you. , .
50- . , , . . . , -, , . , 1 , concert The concert was good tax The clerk remembered the tax; 2 is / was, remembered ; 3 good The (good) concert was good, 4 there The team is / was there. , 1 , , concert ; , 1 , 2, . e. ; , man, he, the others, another 1, came.
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, 15 , function words,. , .
, the, . e. , . , : the, no, your, both, few, much, John ' s...
B-, . may The concert may be good. .. C-not. D-, very, quite . E-.. F-. G-. do. H-thereis/are. I-wh-words. J-.. K-else, even, still . L--. Yes/No. M- . Hey! Look here! N-please. O-lets, let us. . , . . .
: , , . Quirk 1972 - . . , . 1 .. , , , . 2 .. ., pronouns ( , ). ., know/understand . . . ( insoled, naughty), .