1. , , :
The sun attracts the planets. - .
Pushkinwrote Poltava in 1828. - 1828 .
, , :
The planets are attracted by the sun. - .
Poltava waswrittenbyPushkinin 1828. - 1828 .
, . .
. , , .. , - , .
invitedmetotheconcert. - .
I read newspapers in the evening. - .
, , : IliveinMoscow. Myfatherarrivedyesterday.
, . , - , :
toopen: I. (); 2. ()
opened the door.
The library opened at 10 o'clock.
togrow: 1. (); 2. ()
That farm grows wheat.
Beautiful flowersare grown in the garden.
2.
| Indefinite | Continuous | Perfect | |
| Present | am, is, are + V3; am, is, are + not + V3 | am, is, are + being + V3; am, is, are + not + being + V3 | have, has + been + V3; have, has + not + been + V3 |
| Past | was, were + V3; was, were + not + V3 | was, were + being + V3; was, were + not + being + V3 | had + been + V3; had + not + been + V3 |
| Future | shall (will) + be+ V3; shan't (won't) + be + V3 | - | shall (will) + have + been + V3; shan't (won't) + have + been + V3 |
, be .
be, .
3. , , - :
How often are these problems discussed?
Was the house built very long ago?
Was it still being built when you came to live here?
Has the matter been settled yet?
Haven't the bills been paid yet?
That film hasn't been shown on TV?
That film's never been shown on TV, has it?
4. , , by:
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America was discovered by Columbus in 1492. - 1492 .
, , , :
ColumbusdiscovedAmerica in 1492. - 1492 .
with , , ; of , :
Itwasmadewithsimpletools. - .
The ground was covered with snow. - .
The table is made of expensive wood. - .
5. , .
6. , , , build, pack, settle, break, sendoffPresentIndefinitePassiveno PresentPerfectPassive:
The goods are packed. - The goods have been packed. () The matter's settled (is settled). - The matter's been settled (has been settled). ( )
, , , , PresentPerfectPassive, , just, already, yet:
The problem's already been settled. - .
The mail's just been sent off. - .
No decisions have been taken yet. - .
7. , , , . .
(? ?):
| 㠠 |
arranged everything in good Everything was arranged in good time. time.
(? ?):
| 㠠 |
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We asked him to take part in the He was asked to take part in the discussion. discussion.
( ? ? ? ? ..):
Everybody listened to the speakers very carefully, ()
The speakers were listened to very carefully, ()
, , , .
. - (?) (?). , , give,send, show, lend, pay, offer. .
Theygavetheboyalotofpresentsonhisbirthday:
- The boy was given a lot of presents on his birthday
- A lot of presents were given to the boy on his birthday
, , .
8. , -, . , , explain describe.
They explained everything to me very carefully, () Everything was explained to me very carefully, ()
