| pK | ,pH | ||
- | - | |||
1. - | 3,7 | 3,0-4,4 | ||
2. - | 4,1 | 3,0-4,6 | - | |
3. | 4,2 | 3,0-5,2 | - | |
4. | 5,1 | 4,4-6,2 | ||
5. n- | 7,0 | 4,7-7,9 | ||
6. | 7,0 | 5,0-8,0 | ||
7. | 7,1 | 6,0-7,6 | ||
8. | 8,9 | 8,0-9,6 | ||
9. | 9,7 | 8,2-10,0 | ||
10. | 7,3 | 6,8-8,0 | - |
3.
4
250
/ | φ0, | ||
, | |||
1 | H+,H | H+ + ē = H | 2,106 |
2 | Al3+,Al | Al3+ + 3ē = Al | 1,662 |
3 | Zn2+,Zn | Zn2+ + 2ē = Zn | 0,763 |
4 | Fe2+,Fe | Fe2+ + 2ē = Fe | 0,440 |
5 | Cd2+,Cd | Cd2+ + 2ē = Cd | 0,403 |
6 | Ni2+,Ni | Ni2+ + 2ē = Ni | 0,250 |
7 | Sn2+,Sn | Sn2+ + 2ē = Ni | 0,136 |
8 | Pb2+,Pb | Pb2+ + 2ē = Pb | 0,126 |
9 | Fe3+,Fe | Fe3+ + 3ē = Fe | 0,036 |
10 | H+,H2 | H+ + ē = ½H2 | 0,000 |
11 | Cu2+,Cu | Cu2+ + 2ē = Cu | 0,337 |
12 | Cu+,Cu | Cu+ + ē = Cu | 0,521 |
13 | Ag+,Ag | Ag+ + ē = Ag | 0,799 |
14 | Hg22+,Hg | ½ Hg22+ + ē = Hg | 0,798 |
, | |||
15 | O2, OH | 1/2O2 + H2O + 2ē = 2OH | 0,401 |
16 | Br2(),Br | 1/2Br2 + ē = Br | 1,065 |
17 | Cl2() ,Cl | 1/2Cl2 + ē = Cl | 1,360 |
| |||
18 | Al, Al(OH)3, OH | Al(OH)3 +3ē = Al + 3OH | 2,30 |
19 | Zn, Zn(OH)2, OH | Zn(OH)2+ 2ē =Zn + 2OH | 1,245 |
20 | Cd, Cd(OH)2, OH | Cd(OH)2+ 2ē =Cd + 2OH | 0,809 |
21 | Ag, AgCl, Cl | AgCl + ē= Ag + Cl | 0,222 |
22 | Hg, Hg2Cl2, Cl | 1/2Hg2Cl2 + ē = Hg + Cl | 0,268 |
23 | Ag, Ag2SO4, SO42 | Ag2SO4 + 2ē = Ag + SO42 | 0,654 |
24 | Pb, PbSO4, SO42 | PbSO4 + 2ē = Pb + SO42 | 0,359 |
| |||
25 | Sn4+, Sn2+(Pt) | Sn4+ + 2ē = Sn2+ | 0,15 |
26 | Cu2+, Cu+(Pt) | Cu2+ + ē = Cu+ | 0,153 |
27 | Fe3+, Fe2+(Pt) | Fe2+ ē = Fe3+ | 0,771 |
5.
.
. | |
[Ag(NH3)2]+ | 9,3∙108 |
[Cu(NH3)4]2+ | 2,1∙1013 |
[Zn(OH)4]2 | 3,6∙1016 |
[Fe(CN)6]3 | 1,0∙1031 |
[Fe(CN)6]4 | 1,0∙1036 |
6.
7.
|
|
<0 | |
- - | 0,4 0,7 1,2 1,8 2,1 2,9 3,3 4,2 4,7 5,2 5,4 7,2 9,2 9,2 9,9 11,0 12,0 14,0 18,0 20,0 27,0 30,0 35,0 40,0 |
- - []: , . .-. .: 2. .1/.. [ .]; . .. . .: , 2010.-352.: .-( . ).
2. .. [ ]: / .., .. - .: , 2010, 976 . : http: //studmedlib.ru
3. .. []: . . . /.. .-. 2- .- . /. , 2011-288.: .- ( ).
4. .., .. .[ ] . : . / .. , .. . .: , 2009. -296. - : http: //studmedlib.ru
5. .., .. [ ]: . / .. , .. . .: , 2009. -296. - : http: //studmedlib.ru