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. Participle I Active, :

1. + ;

2. + , ; , ;

3. .

Model:

Considering the seed, the grains occur in the endosperm and embryo of such oily seeds as those of Ricinus. , , , Ricinus. , , ; ()

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

1. Starting with the higher forms, including the trees, shrubs and herbs, the following are the largest groups of plants. 2. Returning to the idea of such symposium, there is a hope that it will serve as a milestone in the history of science that deals with the smallest of living things. 3. Mentioning some unsolved problems, a certain amount of work has to be done upon the development of edema. 4. Considering the internal conditions of soil, none of these conditions determined the altered direction in growth of the rhizome at different depths. 5. Turning to other growth stimulating factors, the alleged part is played by dew in plant life. 6. Turning next to the particles, they are found to be of widely varying size. 7. Following this law, vegetation like all organisms not only undergoes development but also possesses structure.

Participle II as - :

Model:

As stated above, protoplasm nearly always contains visible globules and other particles. , .

Exercise 2. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. As already stated, this article is concerned with the problems of heredity. 2. As noted, cultures were unialgal and bacteria-free. 3. As expected, results show that T.S.H. injections cause an increase in milk production. 4. As pointed out earlier, the pyrenoid appears to be composed of a protein substance with a thick gelatinous consistency. 5. As emphasied above, these elements are strongly radioactive when isolated in a pure state. 6. As pointed out in the previous chapter, astronomers are by no means of one mind as to this phenomenon.

(COMPLEX OBJECT)

(Participle I Participle II). , to assume, to consider , to find , to make, to set , to (dis) like () , to see , to hear , to watch , to feel , to notice , to listen to -, to look at .

.

Models:

I hear the bell ringing in the next room. , .
I listened to Ann explaining why she was late. , , .
She watchedthe children playing hockey. , .

Participle II, , .

Models:

He heard his name mentioned in the conversation. , () .
She turned round to pick up her bag and found it stolen. , , , .

1. as. .

Model:

We considerthis specific fraction as possessing an increased activity. , . . .

2. to have (to get) to want , , .

Models:

I want it done well. , .
She had her photograph taken. .
I must have my coat cleaned. ( ).

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

1. I felt him looking at me. 2. I noticed him talking with the policeman. 3. I saw him crossing the street. 4. They watched the doctor working. 5. He found Metasequoia growing in a limited area deep in the interior of China. 6. During application of negative pressure to the electrode we have seen electrode resistance increasing. 7. Cook examined 200 species and found four of them containing four embryos about one third as long as normal embryos. 8. In some specimens the author noticed a small nerve apparently running to a central non-cuticular region of the head. 9. We found most of the algae living all their life immersed in water. 10. The authors have, as a rule, regarded chromosome as being only the chromatic filament. 11. They defined the Angiosperms as originating and slowly diversifying for millions of years. 12. It is customary to speak about chromosomes as being present in homologous pairs. 13. I took his article as being an expression of his views. 14. They thought of him as being a promising scientist. 15. I consider the work finished. 16. I must get the book published.

Exercise 2. Translate into English. Use the above-mentioned models.

1. , . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , . 5. , - . 6. , . 7. , . 8. , . 9. , . 10. ? ( ). 11. , . 12. (- ). 13. ? ( ).

 

(COMPLEX SUBJECT)

(Participle I Participle II). - : to assume, to consider, to regard, to find, to show, to report, to observe, to see, to hear, to feel, to watch, to notice ., . ( Complex Object).

 

Models:

The submarinewas seen diving. ( ), .
The pupilswere heard speaking about their finals. , .
Hewas seen surrounded by a group of journalists. , .

1. as, , , .

Model:

This manuscriptis consideredas dating from the 9-th century A.D. , IX . . IX . .

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

1. A car was heard arriving. 2. He was found sleeping. 3. She was reported feeling much better. 4. In living cells chondriosomes can be seen constantly appearing and disappearing. 5. Fully differentiated plastids can readily be seen multiplied in this manner in growing tissues. 6. Most often a few roots may be seen developed from the lower portion of the hypocotyl of the seedling. 7. Cells had been recognized as being constantly present in the bodies of living organisms. 8. Such indirect estimates must be regarded as being very approximate. 9. Many earlier data cannot be regarded as being very precise.

Exercise 2. Translate into English. Follow the models.

1. , . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , . 5. , . 6. , . 7. , .

Exercise 3. Translate into Russian. Compare Complex Object and Complex Subject.

1. In moist weather the plasmodia may be found creeping about on the surface of or emerging from the various substrata within they developed. 2. The first two factors can be distinguished from the rest as having been internal, in the sense that they concerned the inherent constitution of the plant. 3. One of the foregoing theories can be regarded as convincing. 4. The two central fibers were presumed as being double, like the other nine and are shown enclosed in a membrane. 5. Using density gradient techniques, the author showed the specific fraction of Bacillis subtilis DNA as possessing an increased density. 6. I had the brakes of my car repaired at Morgans Garage. 7. I found a penny lying on the sidewalk. 8. I was tired, so I just watched them playing volleyball instead of joining them. 9. Kate smelt something burning in the kitchen. 10. When she ran into the kitchen, she saw fire coming out of the oven. 11. We consider matter being built up of atoms.

 



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