● , , . , .
(l ≥30 ). , , , 100 .
, . . . , , . . , , .
, , . ( , , ), , , .
● . ( 11.12). f = (1/5 1/8) l h=(l/30...1/50) l b=(0 4 0,5) h. , , . .
. 11.12. () ():
1 - ( ); 2 - ; 3 - .
6 (. 11.12, ) . l =6...12 , . , , . , 30...45 % , . 6 .
, . . .
|
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25...40, A-III, A-IV , -II -7, 19.
, . . . . (. 11.12, ) [16].
, , ( )
H=kql2/(8f), (11.15)
k , ; k = 0,9.
, Nax Qax (. . 11.12, ):
=-,
Nax = Hcosφ + Qxsinφ, (11.16)
Qax = Qxcosφ Hsinφ,
Max, Nax, Qax ; , Qx- ; φ ; .
, , , . , : 0,54 L, 0,59 L, L . , . , .