. , . 6.19.
. 6.19.
.
( c d ):
(6.19)
(6.20)
: (6.21)
IBX (6.19) (6.21), , Z BX β Z BX (1 − βK). , βK < 0, , .
I . :
(6.22)
( ):
ࠠ (6.23)
(6.24)
(6.24) K β (6.16). (6.22) (6.24), , Z β Z :
(6.25)
, βK < 0 , .
. 6.20.
.
( U = UBX U) , . 6.20.
. 6.21 . .
젠
|
|
. 6.21 .
(. . 6.20). .
β .
, , .
. 6.21 .
, .
. 6.21 , R << RBX, rK >> RH , >> 1/(ω R), :
I = I + IK = I + β I = I (1+β). (6.26)
U = RH I = RH I (1+β). (6.27)
UBX = U + U = I RH + I r + I r = I r + I (RH + r ) =
( I (6.26)) = I (r + (1+ β) ·(RH + r )). (6.28)
:
(6.29)
, : r ~ 105 , r ~ r ~ 101 .
RH = 1 , β = 100, : K ≈ 0.99.
.
:
r r << RH. R ≈ 10 . (6.30)
. , . . .
( ) .
. (. . 4.30) . :
. 6.22 .
. . 6.22 , .
. 6.22 .
, ό . , .
.
, . , :
K 104;
R >10 ;
R;
(, ) ().
|
|
, . 6.23 − ( ) + ( ) .
, (+ E − E) .
, 1,5 15 .
, .
. 6.23.
() (), (), ().
. 6.24.
, LM741, 1968 .
. 6.24 , 1968 . 2 , 200 000. , , 10 . 1407.
. 5 1 ! , , . Ÿ . 6.25 .
. 6.25.
. , .
, . 6.23, :
:
(6.31)
, . , , .
, , , K >>>1 U 1-2 ≈ 0.
, . , , , , , . ..
. 6.23.
. 6.23. , . I .
(6.32) . 6.23.
U1-2 (1-2):
U1-2 = U + I Z 1, U = −K U 1-2 . (6.33)
(6.32) (6.33), :
. K β .
.
(6.34)
Kβ , (invertere ""). Z1(ω) Z2(ω), .
, . 6.23, I1 I2, U1 U2:
. 6.23
I1 I2:
|
|
U =
U = (6.35)
U = KU1-2,
U1-2 = U / K (6.35):
蠠 (6.36)
N , :
蠠 (6.37)
, Z1 = Z2 = = ZN Σ U i ( ). Z i, , U ~ Σ k i U i, k i .