: .
: Ag +, Pb2+, Hg22+. 2M HCl. . PbCl2, . PbCl2 .
7. ij . 2-3 , , (I) 2-3 2 . . :
AgNO3 + HCl → AgCl↓ + HNO3
Ag+ + Cl- → AgCl↓
Pb(NO3)2 + 2HCl → PbCl2↓ + 2HNO3
Pb+ + 2Cl- → PbCl2↓
Hg2(NO3)2 + 2HCl → Hg2Cl2↓ + 2HNO3
Hg22+ + 2Cl- → Hg2Cl2↓
, . . Hg2C2 :
AgѲ + 2NH4 → [Ag(N3)2]+ + C- + 2H2O
Hg2C2 :
Hg2C2 + 2NH4 → [N2Hg2]+ + NH4++ C- + 2H2O
[N2Hg2]C → N2HgC↓+Hg↓
Ag +
8. . 3-4 ᒺ . Ag+ , :
Ag+ + I- → AgI↓
9. . 2-3 ᒺ . - , :
2Ag+ + CrO42- → Ag2CrO4↓
Hg 2 2 +
10. . 3-4 () 3 , . () . , :
Hg2(NO3)2 + 4NH4 → [Hg2ON2]NO3↓ + 2Hg↓+ 3NH4NO3 + 3H2O
11. () . () SnCl2. () Hg22+ :
Hg22+ + Sn2+ → Sn4+ + 2Hg↓
Pb 2+
12. . 3-4 ᒺ . , . , .
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Pb2 + - , .
Pb2+ + 2I- → PbI2↓
:
PbI2 + 2I- → [PbI4]2-
13. . 2-3 ᒺ . , , :
Pb2++ CrO42- → PbCrO4↓
. . 2 . ϳ . , . ( Pb2+ ). , 5-6 2 . . .
. Pb 2+. 2 . .
. Pb 2+. Pb2+ 䳺 . - . , . Pb2+ . .
V. Pb 2+. , 1 . . . .
V. Ag +. 3-4 . .
1. .
2. . ?
3. : ()?
4. () ?
5. ?
6. , .
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7. ? .
8. AgCl Hg2Cl2. ? .
9. , : Pb2+, Hg22+.
10. , : Ag +,Pb2+.
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