.


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19

PVP-

1. PVP-.

2. .

3. .

 

PVP-

PVP (Parallel Vector Process) . PVP- - , , . , (1-16) ( SMP) . ( MPP). , ( 64 /, 2 , ), . , , . , PVP- (general purpose systems). , , .

 

PVP-:

1) CRAY X1, SMP-. .

2) NEC SX-6, NUMA-. 8 , 9,6 . 512 .

3) Fujitsu-VPP5000 (vector parallel processing), MPP-. 9.6 , 1249 , 8 . 512 .

PVP- ( ) ( ).

:

- , . , , 128 256;

- , , 128 256.

( ) PVP- .

 

( ), - . , . , . - : , . (Fast/Gigabit Ethernet, Myrinet) . , ("off the shelf"), , , .

, , , -, . , , .

( . . ):

- I. , ( , , ).

- II. . , , .

, . :

- ;

- ;

- .

, , , . , , , , .

. . , , , ( ) , . . .

, ( ). web-.

1994 . (Sterling) . (Becker) 16- Intel DX4, 10 / Ethernet . "Beowulf" . NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Earth and Space Sciences. - , Beowulf. , , . Beowulf-, , , ( ), () , . , , Linux, (, Ethernet) . , "Beowulf". , Beowulf. Beowulf Linux, PVM, MPI, . , .

( ) , . , , . , 10 , . , , , 10 10 .

16- , . , (.1).


1 -

 

6 ( , ). , 4, . 16 . , . . , (.2), 8) (.3), 8. , . , 16 . , , , 4.


2 - , 3-

 


3 - , 4-

 

, . : , "" (.4), "" .

 


4 - (Chordal Ring)

 

" " (fat-tree) (.5, 6). "fat-tree" (hypertree) (C.E. Leiserson) 1985 . , . , .


5 - "Fat-tree"

 


6 - "Fat-tree" ( )

 

, , , . , , , , (Linux, FreeBSD), . , , MPP-, Massive Passing Programming Paradigm ( MPI). , .

 

 

:

1. PVP-, PVP-.

2. , .

3. .

 

:

1. /.. , .. , .. , .. / .: . - , 2004. 176 .

 

 



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