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7




6. : p, n, , 0, 0, -.

  U u d p
+2/3 +2/3 -1/3  
       
  U d d n
+2/3 -1/3 -1/3  
       
  U d s
+2/3 -1/3 -1/3  
    -1 -1
  U d s 0
+2/3 -1/3 -1/3  
    -1 -1
  U s s 0
+2/3 -1/3 -1/3  
  -1 -1 -2
  S s s -
-1/3 -1/3 -1/3  
-1 -1 -1 -2

7. , .

4He ( (4He) = , JP(4He) = 0+) - 1s1/2. JP() = 1/2+, - () = .

, () = (4He) + () = + = ,
() = (4He) + () = + =
P() = P(4He) P() = (+1) (+1) = +1.
: JP() = 1/2+, I() = 0.

4He, - 1s1/2. 1s1/2, , ,
JP( ) = 0+.

, () = (4He) + () + () = + + = ,
() = (4He) + () = + =
P() = P(4He) P() = (+1) (+1) = +1.
JP = 0+, I () = 0.

8. p-p, n-n, p-n.

p-p: n-n:
p-n:  
 

 

9. , "", ,
++, -, - .

++ - (uuu), - - (ddd), - - (sss). JP = 3/2+. . . s = 1/2 s = - 1/2. , , 3/2+, , , . ( ). , - "". "" , . "" - , , .

10. , : 1) 2) 3)

1)    
  Q: - 1 + 1 0 + 0 Q = 0
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 B = 0
  S: 0 + 0 - 1 + 1 S = 0
  I3: - 1 + 1/2 0 - 1/2 I3 = 0

.

2)    
  Q: 1 - 1 1 - 1 Q = 0
  B: 1 - 1 - 1 + 1 B = 0
  S: 0 + 0 3 - 3 S = 0
  I3: 1/2 - 1/2 0 + 0 I3 = 0

.

3)    
  Q: 1 + 0 - 1 + 1 + 1 Q = 0
  B: 0 + 1 1 + 0 + 0 B = 0
  S: 0 + 0 - 2 + 1 + 1 S = 0
  I3: 1 - 1/2 - 1/2 + 1/2 + 1/2 I3 = 0

.

11. : 1) ; 2) ; 3) - ; 4) ; 5) - . ?

1) . - .

2) . - .

3) - . - .

4) . - .

5) - . - .

12. - - .

N N .

, -

,

 

13. , ?
1) ; 2) ; 3) .

.

:
| S| = 1 Q = S, Q S - .

Q S :

1)    
  Q: 0 - 1 Q = - 1
  S: 1 0 S = - 1

Q = S.

2)    
  Q: - 1 0 Q = 1
  S: - 1 0 S = 1

Q = S.

3)    
  Q: 0 - 1 Q = - 1
  S: - 2 - 1 S = 1

Q S.

14.
1) , 2) , 3) , 4) . ?

1)

.

2)

.

3)

.

2) 3) 0- = +1 0- = - 1. - = -1, 0- - - . 0 - - = = -1.

4)

.

15. K + - ? , .

1) ; 3) ;
2) ; 4) ;

Q, S I3 Le:

1)    
  Q: 1 1 Q = 0
  S: 1 0 S = -1
  I3: ½ 1 I3 = 1/2
  Le: 0 0 - 1 + 1 Le = 0

, S = -1,
Q = 0, Q S.

2)    
  Q: 1 0 Q = -1
  S: 1 0 S = -1
  I3: ½ 0 I3 = -1/2
  Le: 0 -1 + 1 Le = 0

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