.
? (mean) ,
. [3575689]
(3 + 5 + 7 + 5 + 6 + 8 + 9)/7 - 6,14.
? (median) ,
,
. [3 5 7 5 6 8 9J 6, ,
6, [3556789].
? (mode) .
[3575689] 5, 5
.
, , , .
106____ 7.
? (variance)
, N - 1, N .
[3575689] ((3 - 6 14)2 + (5 - 64)2 +
+ (7 - 64)2 + (5 - 6,14)2 + (6 - 64)2 + (8 - 6,14)2 + (9 - 6,14)2)/6 = 4,1429.
? (standard deviation)
. [3575689]
2,0354.
, , , .
4 , .
(minimum) . [3575689] 3.
(maximum) . [3575689] 9.
(range) . [3575689] 9-3 = 6.
(sum) . [3575689] 3 + 5 + 7 + 5 + 6 + 8 + 9 = 43.
.
► (kurtosis) (- -
) . 0, ,
.
,
, . ,
5,0, ,
, . , ,
,
, . ,
-1 +1
.
, 2.
|
|
_______________________ 107
^. (skewness) , . , , . , -1 +1. , , , 2.
(standard error) , , , . SPSS , . . , , . , , . . . , , .
Analyze () Descriptive Statistics ► Descriptives ( ► ). Descriptives ( ),
, , , . , , , . . , , . -
--1 1. , 0 - .
- Scatter () Graphs (). , - . , . .
(perfect positive correlation) - 1. , , .
|
|
. .
0 < < 1. : , . 1, , , 0 .
. , = 0,83. ( = 0,12) , .
(no correlation) = 0. , . IQ-.
-1 < < 0. , . -1, , , 0 .
( = -0,13) , . , , . ( = -0,73) . . , .
(perfect negative correlation) = -1. , , . , , : . : , .
: , . , : . , , .
, . , . , , , , . , , , U. , , . , . 15 16, .
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|
, . , Correlate ().
, : ( ).
: ( ) . , , .
SPSS : , . , . , .
. , , . : (), , , , (), , , . , () (Q). : = - Q. ( = (1 + )/2) (Q = (1 - )/2). , = 0,5, ( , ) = 0,75, ( , ) Q = 0,25. , .
, Correlate () ( ) . , , , . , 0,05, , 5 % . . ( > 0,05) .
SPSS : (one-tailed) (two-tailed). . ( ) , . , , .
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(partial correlation) , 14. Correlate (). . , , , . ( ). , , . , . , , , . , , .
Analyze () Correlate ► Bivariate ( ► ). Bivariate Correlations ( )
Correlation Coefficients ( ) Pearson (). , Spearman () () Kendall's tau-b (- ). , .
Test of Significance ( ) Two-tailed (). () , One-tailed ().
Flag significant correlations ( ) . , , 0,01 0,05, (*), 0 0,01 (**). -, 3 , , .
Options () . Bivariate Correlations: Options ( : ), . 9.2.
Statistics () , : Means and standard deviations ( ) Cross-product deviations and covariances ( ). Missing Values ( ) , . Exclude cases pairwise ( ) , - , , . , -
. Exclude cases listwise ( ) , . , . , , 4.
Crosstabs ( ), 8, () . , . , , , 15 , 27 . . Means () . , , , , . Means () exOi.sav, . , (!, 2) (), () . . , Crosstabs ( ). , , .
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Means () SPSS. , . , Options () .
Analyze () Compare Means ► Means ( ► ). Means (),
Means () , . Dependent List ( ) , . , 1, 2, ! . . Dependent List ( ) , .
Means: Options (1 ) Means (). , , ( , ), , Statistics (). , Cell Statistics ( ).
, Means () - . Statistics for the First Layer ( ) ANOVA table and eta ( ANOVA ). 2 - .