Growing, active schoolchildren need durable and practical styles. At this stage, too, washables are best.
Little boys like to wear corduroy trousers with which they can wear either a shirt or a T-shirt. A slip-over sweater, with or without sleeves, can be worn for extra warmth. Their choices of outer garment are likely to be machinaws or jackets of wool or leather. Play clothes include jeans, denim pants, T-shirts, and sneakers.
Standard suits and overcoats are generally saved for special events and holiday festivities. In buying these garments, allowance should be made for growth. Of course, they should not fit so loosely as to look awkward!
Little girls love jumpers and skirt a, of woolen plaid and corduroy. These are worn, with colourful sweaters and cotton blouses. Jumpers are a practical choice because shoulder straps may be adjusted when lengthening is necessary. Cotton dresses of: ginghem, percale, chambray, and the like are good the year around.
For winter dress-up events, velveteen, wool crepe, and Challis are nice. Summer dresses for parties and "Sunday best" can be of organdy, dimity, and other sheer pecky cottons..
Full-length coats that can be worn with both party and school dresses are the most practical choice for the young girls. In buying or awaiting dresses or cqats, look for deep, hems that can be let out.
Heavy sweaters or jackets are good for playtime along with jeans or overalls.
Summer, of course, brings its own play assortment of sun clothes and pinafores.
Little girls can be quite clothes conscious, and their wishes should be considered as tar as possible. Too many mothers disregard their child's personality in selecting her clothes. Naturally, the child rebels.
Furthermore, little girls like to wear what their friends are wearing.
Teen-agers. During the teen years, the "gang" spirit prevails among both boys and girls. This applies to activities, hobbies, and certainly to clothing. This factor should be considered because no teen-ager likes to be set apart from others in the group. Some of them even dislike the idea of wearing new clothes unless, of course, they are the usual "cords", jeans and blazers that" they" are wearing.
In his late teens a boy will probably want to maintain the standards held by his father or other men he admires. He starts to realize that he looks better in colours, fabrics, and styles that suit him, and not everyone else in the block.
Below is a list of a ten-year-old girl's clothes:
a coat (winter, all-purpose, 100% wool fleece: wool interlined), a coat (between -season, all-weather: rain-repellent corduroy; quilted lining), a jacket (winter, sport: cotton twill, 100% wool interlining; collar converts into hood), pants (winter sports: 10095 wool), 8 dresses - one-piece styles £ a) winter, printed corduroy, b) winter, rayon -acetate plaid, c, d) all season, plaid gingham, e, f) all- season, percale prints, g) winter velveteen, for best, h) summer: organdy, for be3t), 5 separates - jumpers and skirts (a) a jumper: rayon-wool plaid, remodeled from an old dress, b) a jumper: pinwale corduroy, c) a winter 3kirt: pleated plaid, 65% Orion, 35% wool, d) a winter skirt: felt, 50% wool, 50% rayon, c) a summer skirt: denim), 5 blouses (cotton, worn with separates), = T-shirts (cotton knit, for shorts and jeans), 3 sweaters (a) pullover, turtle-neck, long sleeves: Orion, b) a short -sleeved pullover: wool with a matching; c) cardigan); 2 pairs of jeans (blue denim), shorts (sailcloth), 3 dresses (play, sun-backs), a swim suit, slips, petticoats, under vests, snuggles, pajamas, a bathrobe (terry cloth),hosiery, anklets, socks (knee-length, heavy cotton), hats, caps (a) winter, beret: wool felt, b) cuddle cap: wool knit, c) spring: straw), shoes (a) winter, school shoes, c) dress shoes: patent leather, d) dress flats: white kid, e) beach sandals: fabric, f) cotton shoes for play), bedroom slippers, rubber boots, gloves, handkerchiefs, scarves, purses (a) clutch style: simulated leather, b) basket style: woven reed).
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The following list includes all the items in a 16-year-old boy's wardrobe:
a coat (all-weather, 3 season, trench coat: water-repellent blend of rayon, acetate, and Dacron; zip-liner of 100% wool, quilted yoke and sleeves change topcoat into winter overcoat), a machinaw (water-repellent cotton twill; shipskin lined; mouton collar), a jacket (lightweight, athletic style: reversible, washable Dacron), 2 suits (a) winter, wool tweed, b) all-season, solid-tone, blend of 65% wool and 35% Orion flannel, for dressy v/ear), 3 pairs of trousers (a, b) corduroy, separate slacks: blend of acetate and rayon,crease-re3istarru), 4 pairs of jeans (cotton denim), swim trunks, play shorts, 7 T-shirts (cotton knit, crew neck), 5 sport shirts < a) corduroy, b, c) cotton plaid, short sleeves, d, e) cotton flannel, long sleeves), 3 dress shirts (combed cotton, solid colours), 3 sweaters (a) heavy wool, turtle-neck, b) wool, long-sleeves, V-neck, c) wool, sleeveless, V-neck), briefs (knit underwear, cotton), undershirts (knit cotton) pajamas, a bathrobe (heavy flannel), socks, sneakers (athletic shoe), sport boots, shoes (casual style for school), dress shoes (slip-on style), arctics, rubbers, 3 pairs of gloves (leather, fleece-lined mittens, wool knit gloves, work gloves, canvas), 2 mufflers, 6 neckties (assorted, wool and 3ilk), 10 handkerchiefs, 2 caps (a) leather sport cap with turn-down ear flaps, b) hockey cap: wool knit), a hat (wool felt snappy brim for dress).
WORDS TO REMEMBER:
assortment, sweater, mackinaw, jacket, jeans, pants, "cords", sneakers, jumper, overalls, pinafore, blaser, to adjust, to let out, to apply, cotton, leather, denim, gingham, chambray, velveteen, wool crepe, challis, organdy, dimity, perky, heavy, awkward, conscious, hem, allowance, growth, warmth, length.
Exercise 1. Read the following words according to the reading rules.
1: age, stage, blaser, to include, quite, style, to apply.
11: event, to apply, jumpers, to adjust.
111: garments, party, apart, to disregard, corduroy, organdy, assortment, perky, certainly, furthermore, shirt.
1Y: to admire, during, durable
ADD: Wardrobe, washables, warmth; among, child.
DIGR: choice; loose, because, awkward, trousers, blouses,
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outer, around, allowance; to maintain, to prevail, plaid, to grow, sleeves, sneakers, leather, suit.
CONS: conscious, usual, naturally, to realize.
Exercise 2. Define the part of speech. Make up derivatives
of these words.
Active, durable, washables, clip-over, overcoat, warmth, festivities, buying, growth, 1oos1, colourful, to adjust, lengthening, overalls, conscious, personality, selecting, teen-agers, to realize...
Exercise 3. Translate the following questions into English and answer them
1. ?
2. ?
3. () ?
4. , ?
5. ?
6. ?
7. ?
8. , ?
9. ?
CHILDREN'S CLOTHES
CHILDREN'S CLOTHES
Baby clothes
1 pram suit
2 hood
3 pram jacket (matinee coat)
4 pompon (bobble)
5 bootees
6 sleeveless vest
7 envelope-neck vest
8 wrap over vest
9 baby's jacket
10 rubber baby pants
11 playsuit
12 two-piece suit 13-30 Infants' wear
13 child's sundress, a pinafore dress
14 frilled shoulder strap
15 shirred top
16 sun hat
17 one-piece jersey suit
18 front zip
19 cat suit
20 motif (applique)
21 romper
22 playsuit
23 coverall (sleeper and strampler)
24 dressing gown(bath robe)
25 children's shorts
26 braces (Am. suspenders)
27 children's T-shirt
28 jersey dress (knitted dress)
29 embroidery
30 children's ankle socks 31-47 school children's wear
31 raincoat (loden coat)
32 leather shorts (lederhosen)
33 stag horn button
34 braces (Am. suspenders)
35 flap
36 girl's dirndl
37 cross lacing
38 snow suit (quilted suit)
39 quilt stitching
40 dungarees(bib and brace)
41 bib skirt
42 tights
43 sweater (jumper)
44 pile jacket
45 leggings
46 girl's skirt
47 child's jumper
48 -68 teenagers' clothes
49 girls over blouse
49 slacks
50 girl's skirt suit
51 jacket 52 skirt
53 knee-length socks
54 girls coat
55 tie belt
56 girl's bag
57 woolen hat
58 girl's blouse
59 culottes
60 boy's trousers
61 boy's shirt
62 anorak
63 inset pockets
64 hood drawstring 65Tknitted welt
66 parka coat
67 drawstring
68 patch pockets
Additional Texts
- Placement of body lines.
Neckline. A foundation neckline is placed at - the base of the throat, crossing the center back on the vertebra most prominent when the head is bent forward, the side slightly above where the horizontal plane of the shoulder meets the vertical plane of the neck; and, the center front at the pit of the neck. A basic neckline should be at least as high at the center back as at the shoulder seam.
Shoulder seam. The shoulder seam farms a straight line between neck and armhole and is centered on top of the shoulder to be inconspicuous from front and back. On a round -shouldered figure the seam may be placed slightly at back at the armscye end to reduce the apparent length of the round back, and on a figure with a prominent low bustling is placed slightly forward to reduce the apparent length from bustling to shoulder. Armhole line (Armscye). The armhole line is usually placed as far out on the shoulder seam as possible without drooping down onto the arm. With shoulder pads, the seam can be extended to meet a vertical line carried up from the outside of the upper arm. Since this is an important silhouette line, it must reflect the shoulder with in fashion.
The correct placement of the under half of the armhole line is of the greatest importance' to appearance and comfort. If it is out too far it rests on the arm instead of falling between tile arm and the body. But if curved too far inward, it narrows the blouse front and back and makes it pull across the chest and bustling when the arms are raised.
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Since the arm joins the body at a lower point in front than in back, the curve on the front armhole line must be deeper than on the back. When sieve and blouse fit correctly, the under half of the armhole seam should be hidden when the arm is down. Underarm seam. The side seam line should be centered so that it is inconspicuous from front or beck and should not exaggerate front or back width when viewed from the side. The blouse underarm seam should start from the center of the underarm. The skirt side seam should hang perpendicular to the floor from hip to hemline and be perpendicular to the waistline from hip to waist.
Waistline. The normal waistline usually comes where the circumference of the body is the smallest, just bellow the last rib. Prom the side, it should appear level. Since fashion varies from high to low waistlines, find the most becoming line which is consistent with the prevailing mode. Waistline will appear higher as the body moves in the garment than when all lines are in position at a fitting. To avoid too high a line, allow a little blousing above it before marking.
Make up sentences.
1. The throat, at, the base, a foundation neckline, of, is placed.
2. Forms, between, a straight line, neck, and, the shoulder seam, armhole.
3. Prom, inconspicuous, front the shoulder seam, is, and, back
4. Reflect, in fashion, the shoulder width, must, armhole, line.
5. Correctly, blouse, fit, and, sleeve.
6. In front, at a lower point, the body, the arm, joins, in back, than.
7. Higher, will appear, moves, the body, as, waistline, in the garment.
Pill in the blanks.
1. On a... figure the seam may be placed slightly back at the... end.
2. On a figure with a prominent low... the shoulder... is placed slightly forward.
3. The correct... of the under half of the armhole line is of the greatest importance to... and....
4. The... should start from the... of the underarm.
5. The... should... perpendicular to the floor from hip to....
6. Fashion... from high to low....
7. The... line is usually placed as far out on the... as possible.
varies, waistlines, skirt side seam, underarm seam, hemline, center, hang, round- shouldered, appearance, armscye, comfort, placement,
armhole, seam, bust line, shoulder seam.
Answer the following questions.
1.Where is a foundation neckline placed?
2.Whet height should a basic neckline have?
3.What line does the shoulder seam form?
4.Where is the shoulder seam centered?
5.V7hy is the seam placed back at the armscye end on a round shouldered figure?
6.Where is the armhole line placed usually?
7.Why must the armhole line reflect the shoulder width in fashion?
8 Why is the correct placement of the under half of the arm-hole important to appearance and comfort?
9.Shere should the blouse underarm seam start?
10.How should the skirt side seam hang?
11.Where does the normal waistline usually come?
Describe the main lines; a) neckline, b) armhole line, c) waistline
Make up an annotation of the text.
2. Fabric grain
Woven fabrics are composed of two sets of yarns - the warp yams, which are put an the loom before the weaving is began and which run lengthwise of the fabric; and the filling or weft yarns, which interlace the warp yarns at right angles and run crosswise of the fabric. The filling threads which bind in the warp threads at either side form the selvage.
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The grain of the fabric is its true direction, either lengthwise or crosswise, determined by following a single thread either of the warp or the weft. Any line an the fabric which is not parallel to either the lengthwise or the crosswise threads is said to be off the fabric grain.
Since the warp yarns are wounded on the loom beams and are kept taut during the entire weaving operation, they must be especially strong to withstand the strain. Because of their strength the lengthwise direction of fabric is ordinarily firm, stretches very little under the strain and reveals wiry tendencies when draped folds or gathers cross it. If you pull a fabric between your hands both lengthwise and crosswise, you will usually find that it stretches more easily from selvage to selvage than in the direction of selvages. Gather it along a crosswise thread as for the waistline of a skirt and you will find that it shapes into more pliable folds than it would gather along a lengthwise thread.
Firmness and resiliency are advantageous through the length of the garment, the firmness to withstand the strain put on the fabric when the wearer bends or sits, and the resiliency to help the fabric recover its original shape and to hang straight after body movements have forced it into wrinkles.
A knowledge of these characteristic differences- between the lengthwise and crosswise grains helps one see the need for placing the pattern pieces so that up and down of the garment follows the lengthwise grain of the fabric.
Fill in the blanks.
1. The warp yarns are put on... before... is begun.
2. The... yarns... the warp... at right angles.
3. The filling yarns run... of the fabric.
4. Because of the warp yarn strength the... direction of fabric is strong.
5. Lengthwise direction of fabric reveals... tendencies when... cross it.
6. Fabric shapes into more... folds.
Pliable, lengthwise, the loom, weft, yarns, weaving, crosswise, interlace, wiry.
Make up sentences
1. Straight, this fabric, the body movement hangs, after it, have forced, into, wrinkles.
2. Yarns, on, the warp, are wound, the loom beams.
3. The selvage, threads, form, the filling.
4. The garment, down, of, and, follows, up, the fabric, of, the lengthwise grain.
5. Stretches, easily, fabric, more, selvage, from, selvage, to.
Answer the following questions
1. What are woven fabrics composed of?
2. How do the warp yarns run in the fabric?
3. How do weft yarns run in the fabric?
4. What threads form the selvage?
5. What is the grain of the fabric?
6. What line on the fabric is said to be off the grain?
7. Why are the warp yarns especially strong?
8. Why does the lengthwise direction of the fabric stretch very little?
9. What will you find if you pull a fabric both lengthwise and crosswise?
Describe the characteristic differences between lengthwise and crosswise grain.
Make up an annotation of the text.
Dictionary
A
to accept - ,
accessory-
addition- ,
to adjust- , (
allowance-
anklets- ,
anorak- ,
appearance-
to apply- ,
apron- ,
arm-
attractive-
to assemble-,
assortment- ,
awkward- ,
B
back- , ,
bathrobe-
batwing-
to bcome- ;
beach-
belt-
blade -
blend -
blouse-
boots-
bootees-
bodice- , ,
bra-
brim-
briefs- ,
breast-
breeches-
buckle-
build-
bulky- , ,
buttonhole-
C
cable (pattern) - ,
canvas- , s
calfskin- ,
cardigan - ,
cape- , , ,
casual- , ,
chambray- "" ( )
challis- "" ( )
to check- ,
check- ( )
chenille- ()
to choose
choice- ;
close- , ,
closing-
cloth-
clothes-
clothing~
crease- ; ,
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crease-resistant
coarse- ,
collar-
cotton
colour- , ,
coloring- (, ), ,
construction- ,
corduroy - , , ""
"cords"-
conscious- , ,
to cover
coveralls-
to convert_
Cossack- ()
Cowl-
crease-
cuff-
calottes- ()
cuddle- ,
D
Dainty-,- ,
Design-, , , ,
to design-,
denim-
to determine-, ,
detachable-,
dimity-, / ..
dirndl-
drawback-
dress- ,
dressy- ,
drip-dry-
durable- ,
E
edge-
embroidery-
to evaluate-
even- ,
to expose-
F
fabric- , ,
facing- ,
fastening- ,
faille- ( )
felt- ,
to fit- , ; ,
fiber- ,
fine- , ,
flecked- ,
fleece- ; ,
flap- , ,
floral- -,
fold- ,
frock- - .
Frill- , ,
Freshness-, ,
Fur-
G
Gape-
Garb- ,
Garment- ,
Gingham-
Girdle-
Glover-
Gown- , ,
Growth-
H
Handkerchief-
Habit-
Hat-
Harmonize-
Hem-
Heavy-
Herringbone-
Hood-
Hosiery- ,
Housecoat-
I
To include- ,
Inch- (2, 5 )
To indicate-
Infant- ,
Interline-
To introduce-
Item-
J
Jacket- ,
Jean- /
Jersey- ,
Jewelry-
Jumper- , , ,
K
Kid- , ()
Knit-
L
To lace- ; ,
Lacing- ,
Lap- , , ,
Lapel- ,
Leggings- , ,
to leave- , ,
leather-
length-
to let out-
linen- , ,
lining-
to line- ,
lisle- ,
lingerie-
look- , ,
to lose-
loose-
lumber jacket-
lustrous- ,
M
to match- ,
mackinaw-
mink- ()
mittens-
miscellaneous- ,
moccasin-
mouton- ( )
mufflers- , ,
muted-
N
nap- c, , , .
necktie-
neckerchief-
nightgown- . : ,
nightwear- ,
occasion- , ,
organdy- ( :)
orlon - ( )
overalls- , ,
overcoat-
overdress- ,
P
panties- ,
pants- , ,
pattern- , , ,
patent leather - ,
patch-, ,
perky- , ,
percale - ()
petticoat - ,
pin- , ,
pinched- ,
pinafore -,
pique-
pile jacket-
piping -,
plaid -
plain , ,
pleated - ,
plisse -
point -, , , .
polo - ,
pouch -, ,
pram -
press ,
to prevent-
to print-
printed- ,
puckering- ,
puffed-
pullover-,
pumps- -,
purpose-
purse- , ,
Q
quality-
quilted-
R
rayon-
raincoat-
to require-
reed- ,
repellent-
reversible-
ribbed cuff- ()
roomy-
rough- , ,
rubber-,
S
Sable-
sailcloth-
scarf-
to select-
sense-
seersucker-
seam-
sew-
side- ,
sign-
Silk-
Shirt-
T-shirt- ,
Shape-
Shiny- , ,
Skirt-
Shoes-
Shoulder-
Sheer- , ,
Ship skin-
Shir (r)-
slacks- ,
slip- , ,
alp-on- ,
slim-,
sleeve-
sleeper= sleeping suit- ,
slit- , ;
slippers- , -
smock- , ,
smooth- , ,
snappy- , ,
sneakers- ,
socks-
sport wear-
stocky- , .
stag horn button-
stout- , ,, ,
stripes-
straw-
string- , ,
stocking cap-
stitch- , ( )
strain- , ,
strap- , , ,
style-
tailored style - ,
casual spectator style
solid- , ,
to suit-
suitable- ,
suit-
surface-
sweater-
T
tailor-
taper-
tail- ,
tabard-
texture-
terry cloth-
thigh-
tights- ,
topcoat-
trousers-
trunks-
trench coat-
to try on-
turtle- neck-
tweed-
twill- ,
twin set- ,
type-
U
undergarment-
under vest-
underwear-
uniform-
V
to vary- ,
variety- ,
velvet- , ,
velveteen- ,
velour-
vest- , ,
W
waist- , , , ,
wash-
warmth- ,
wardrobe- ,
wear- , , ,
winter wear-
sport wear-
underwear-
footwear-
knit-wear-
weight- ,
welt- , , , ,
workmanship- , , ,
worsted- ,
wool-
wrinkle- ,
Y
yarn- , ,
yoke-
Z
zipper- ,
