1. :
NaOH 
Na+ + OH .
2. (Al, Zn, Be, Sn, Pb):
NaOH(.) + Al + H2O(.) = Na[Al(OH)4] + H2;
Al + (NaOH × H2O) = NaAlO2 + H2; 500 oC
NaOH + Na = Na2O + H2. 600 C
3. (F2, Cl2, Br2, I2, P, S, Si, B .):
NaOH + F2 = OF2 + NaF + O2 + H2O;
2 + NaOH(., .) = NaO + Na + H2O; = Cl, Br, I
2 + NaOH(., .) = NaO3 + Na + H2O;
NaOH(.) + P + H2O(.) = Na(PH2O2) + PH3;
NaOH(.) + P + H2O = Na2(PHO3) + H2; (.)
NaOH(.) + S = Na2SO3S + Na2S + H2O;
NaOH + S = Na2S + Na2SO3 + H2O;
NaOH(.) + Si = Na4SiO4 + H2;
NaOH(.) + B + H2O = Na[B(OH)4] + H2.
4. , :
NaOH + P2O5 + H2O = NaH2PO4;
NaOH + P2O5 = Na2HPO4 + H2O;
NaOH + P2O5 = Na3PO4 + H2O;
NaOH + P2O3 = Na2(PHO3) + H2O
NaOH + CO2 = NaHCO3;
NaOH + CO2 = Na2CO3 + H2O;
NaOH + N2O5 = NaNO3 + H2O;
NaOH + CrO3 = Na2CrO4 + H2O;
KOH + CrO3 = K2Cr2O7 + H2O;
KOH + Mn2O7 = KMnO4;
KOH + Re2O7 = KReO4 + H2O;
KOH() + WO3 = K2WO4 + H2O;
KOH() + MoO3 = K2MoO4 + H2O;
NaOH() + CO = HCOONa; (, )
NaOH + ClO2 = NaClO2 + NaClO3 + H2O;
NaOH + ClO3 = NaClO3 + NaClO4 + H2O;
NaOH + NO2 = NaNO2 + NaNO3 + H2O;
NaOH + NO2 + O2 = NaNO3 + H2O;
NaOH + ClO2 + O2 = NaClO3 + H2O;
NaOH + NO + NO2 = NaNO2 + H2O.
5. :
Al2O3 + NaOH() = NaAlO2 + H2O; 1000 oC
Al2O3 + NaOH(., .) + H2O = Na[Al(OH)4].
6. ( ):
Zn(OH)2 + NaOH(.) = Na2[Zn(OH)4];
Zn(OH)2 + NaOH() = Na2ZnO2 + H2O; 1000 oC
7. :
NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O;
NaOH + H3PO4 = Na3PO4 + H2O;
NaOH + H3PO4 = Na2HPO4 + H2O;
NaOH + H3PO4 = NaH2PO4 + H2O;
NaOH + H2PHO3 = Na2PHO3 + H2O;
NaOH() + H3BO3 = Na[B(OH)4];
NaOH + H3BO3 
NaBO2 + H2O;
NaOH() + H3BO3 = Na2B4O7 + H2O.
8. : , :
ZnCl2 + NaOH(.) = Zn(OH)2¯ + NaCl;
ZnCl2 + NaOH(.) = Na2[Zn(OH)4] + NaCl;
(ZnOH)2CO3 + NaOH = Na2[Zn(OH)4] + Na2CO3;
Zn3(PO4)2 + NaOH = Na2[Zn(OH)4] + Na3PO4;
(CuOH)2CO3 + NaOH = Na2[Cu(OH)4] + Na2CO3;
NaOH + Hg(NO3)2 = HgO¯ + H2O + NaNO3;
NH4Cl + NaOH(.) (t) = NaCl + H2O + NH3; . - NH4+.
Ca(H2PO4)2 + NaOH = CaHPO4 + Na2HPO4;
CaHPO2 + NaOH = Ca3(PO4)2¯ + Na3PO4 + H2O;
Ca(HCO3)2 + NaOH = CaCO3¯ + Na2CO3 + H2O;
S(Ca(OH)2) > S(CaCO3);
Mg(HCO3)2 + NaOH = Mg(OH)2¯ + Na2CO3 + H2O;
S(MgCO3) > S(Mg(OH)2;
(NH4)2Cr2O7 + NaOH = N2 + NaCrO2 + H2O;
(NH4)2Cr2O7 + NaOH = (NH4)2CrO4 + Na2CrO4 + H2O;
(NH4)2Cr2O7 + NaOH (t) = NH3 + Na2CrO4 + H2O;
K2Cr2O7 + KOH = K2CrO4 + H2O;
NaOH + AgNO3 = Ag2O¯ + H2O + NaNO3;
9. :
NaOH() = Na() + O2() + H2O.
10. :
|
|
|
NaOH + Al2S3 = Na[Al(OH)4] + Na2S;
NaOH() + SnS2 = Na2[SnS3] + Na2[Sn(OH)6];
NaOH + PI3 = Na2(PHO3) + NaI + H2O;
NaOH + P2S5 = Na3PO4 + Na2S + H2O;
NaOH + Al4C3 + H2O = Na[Al(OH)4] + CH4.
11. , :
CrCl3 + Cl2 + KOH = K2CrO4 + KCl + H2O;
Fe(OH)3 + NaClO + KOH = K2FeO4 + NaCl + H2O;
Cr2O3() + KClO3() + KOH() = K2CrO4 + KCl + H2O; 500 oC
FeCl2 + O2 + NaOH + H2O = Fe(OH)3¯ + NaCl;
FeCl2 + H2O2 + NaOH = Fe(OH)3¯ + NaCl;
FeCl2 + Cl2 + NaOH = Fe(OH)3¯ + NaCl;
Al + KNO3 + H2O + KOH = K[Al(OH)4] + NH3;
(KNO3 + H(Al, KOH, H2O) KOH + NH3 + H2O)
Bi(OH)3 + Na[Sn(OH)3] + NaOH = Bi¯ + Na2[Sn(OH)6];
Sn(OH)2 + N2H4 × H2O + NaOH = Na2[Sn(OH)4] + NH3 × H2O;
Na2(PHO3) + HgCl2 + NaOH = Na3PO4 + Hg2Cl2¯ + NaCl + H2O;
Br2 + Cl2 + NaOH(, ) = NaBrO3 + NaCl + H2O;
I2 + Cl2 + NaOH(, ) = Na3H2IO6¯ + NaCl + H2O;
I2 + Cl2 + NaOH(, ) = Na5IO6¯ + NaCl + H2O;
KMnO4 + Na2SO3 + KOH = K2MnO4 + Na2SO4 + H2O;
B2H6 + HOH + NaOH = Na[B(OH)4] + H2;
Co(OH)2 + Br2 + NaOH = CoO(OH)¯ + NaBr + H2O;
NaOH() + Re + O2 = NaReO4 + H2O.
12. :
CH3CH2Cl + NaOH(.) CH3CH2OH + NaCl;
CH3CH2Cl + NaOH(.) CH2=CH2 + NaCl + H2O;
NaOH + , , .
NaOH + , .
Mg(OH)2 MgO + H2O
Mg(OH)2 + HNO3 = Mg(NO3)2 + H2O
Mg(OH)2 + CH3COOH = (CH3COO)2Mg + H2O
Mg(OH)2() + SO3 = MgSO4 + H2O
Mg(OH)2 () + NO2 + O2 → Mg(NO3)2 + H2O
Mg(OH)2() + CO2 = (MgOH)2CO3 + H2O
Mg(OH)2() + CO2 = Mg(HCO3)2
Mg(OH)2 + NH4Cl = MgCl2 + NH3↑ + H2O
Mg(OH)2 + NaHSO4 = MgSO4 + Na2SO4 + H2O
(II)
Fe(OH)2 ,
Fe(OH)2 FeO + H2O
Fe(OH)2 + O2 (Fe+2Fe2+3)O4 + H2O
Fe(OH)2() + O2 
FeO(OH) + H2O
Fe(OH)2() + O2 + H2O Fe(OH)3
Fe(OH)2() + H2O2 Fe(OH)3
Fe(OH)2 + H2SO4 = FeSO4 + H2O
Fe(OH)2 + H2SO4 + H2O2 = Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O
Fe(OH)2 + H2SO4 + O2 = Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O
Fe(OH)2 + HNO3 = Fe(NO3)3 + NO↑ + H2O
Fe(OH)2 + HNO3() = Fe(NO3)3 + NO2↑ + H2O
Fe(OH)2() + CO2 = Fe(HCO3)2
Fe(OH)2() + SO3 = FeSO4 + H2O
(III)
CrCl3 + NaOH(.) → r(OH)3↓ + NaCl
CrCl3 + NH3.H2O → r(OH)3↓ + NH4Cl
CrCl3 + Na2CO3 + H2O → r(OH)3↓ + NaCl + CO2↑
CrCl3 + NaHCO3 → r(OH)3↓ + NaCl + CO2↑
CrCl3 + Na2S + H2O → r(OH)3↓ + NaCl + H2S
r(OH)3 + H2SO4 → Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O
r(OH)3 + NaHSO4 → Cr2(SO4)3 + Na2SO4 + H2O
r(OH)3 + NaOH → Na[Cr(OH)4]
r(OH)3 + NaOH → Na3[Cr(OH)6]
r(OH)3 + NaOH(.) → NaCrO2 + H2O ()
r(OH)3 () + SO3 → Cr2(SO4)3 + H2O
r(OH)3 () + NO2 + O2 → Cr(NO3)3 + H2O
r(OH)3 + K2O → KCrO2 + H2O ()
r(OH)3 + H2O2 + NaOH(.) → Na2CrO4 + H2O
r(OH)3 + NaOH + Br2→ Na2CrO4 + NaBr + H2O (Cl2)
r(OH)3 + NaOH + NaClO → Na2CrO4 + NaCl + H2O (NaBrO)
r(OH)3 → CrO(OH) + H2O (1000C)
r(OH)3 → Cr2O3 + H2O (t0 > 4500C)
|
|
|
