-, ( 2n, n - ), . , . , n 4, 1111 15 . 3. : 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 1, 4,. , 15 3 18 , , 10010, , 0010 2.
-, , ( ) . , , 4- 15 (1111 ), 13 (1011 ). 1101 + 1111 = 11100, - 1100, 12. .
, -, ( 0, 1, 2, 3,...). , , , , 0,5, 1,25 3,75. 2-1 ( 0,5), 2-2 ( 0,25) .. . , , , 0,5 , 0,25 - .
29. .
, , . . , . , . , . D-, , .. C0= 0. : Ci+1 = xiyi + xiCi + yiCi = D ( ); Si = xi yi Ci. Si . D1.
xi, yi. , .
30. .
|
|
. . . 76, .
. 76
, .. :
Fn = F0F1...Fn-1.
, :
; .
A0 B0 : F0=A0 , (. 76,).
=10 =10 :
n- .
. F 4- (. 77). . F tF = 2nt. 4- tF = 8nt. , 4, .
. 77
() , F H, .
F tF=4t . n+1, n>8 . . 78.
31. .
, , . . n- m- :
,
X n- ,
Y m- ,
Pj=X yj2j .
n = m = 4.
. 83 4- , .
. 83
32. .
. , ( ) .
(. 88).
. 88
1 6 4 . 1, 2, 3 . , 1, 2, 3. 1 : .
|
|
2 2 4 . 2 (1, 2, 3, 4). : y1 = P1+P2+P3; y2 = P2+P4.
1 2 :
. , . . , (. 89).
. 89
:
() - - ;
;
() .
33. .
, .
.
. (. 90, ).
. 90
1 S , M2 t . (S,t,q), q . 2 .
(S,t,q) (z,q), z=S+t. S t . : (6,10) (3,3,10) (5,1,10). : 5561 (16,8,48); MMI5775 (14,8,96)
S- . 1 (. 90,).
D S/2 , .
. : , : , (4,1,1) (. 90,).
S(M)=S(M1)+S(M2) = 2LB+NB (), L , N , B .
, , S = 9. q 4, S = 36. .
r- . (S,t,q,r) (. 91).
.
. 91
450(24,16,72,16).
34. .
, (). , . .
, , , , ..
55621, 15564,6,8, - 25 ¸ 60 .
|
|
- EPROM EEPROM . -.
() . , . .
,
: 10000 , 500.
, , . 70 , , 555 . 23 ISP (in system programmable - ). ( ) , . .
Altera. MAX7000 MAX9000 (ISP).
t | ||||||
EEPROM EPM7256 | 10 | |||||
EEPROM (ISP) EPM9566 | >208 | 15 |
. . 95 MAX7000.
. , , . .
. 95
+. ( ). Altera MAX+PLUS II. , , . , . ( , ), .
. 96 . PLD (programmable logic device).
. 96
35. .
. Z-, .
.
: 5558 4 (LD ) (. 97,).
. 97
1556 6- BD (BUS DRIVER ) (. 97,).
5611 6- , , .
|
|
15333 4- , (. 97, ).
153312 8- .
(. 97,). , U, , .
36. .
, .
.
(. 98,).
. 98
DI , DO , DB - (Date Bidirectional), T (Transmit). =0 DIDB ( ), DO Z-; =1 DBDO ( ), DB Z-.
, (. 98,).
DIDB () =0, =0, , DO Z-; DBDO () =1, =0, , D Z-.
37. .
(. 98,).
DADB ( ) =0, =0, ; DBDA ( ) =1, =0, .
.
58926 4- (. 99,). CS , . DIEN (Dat Input Enable) . = 0 = 0 DIDB; = 1 = 0 - DBDO. =1 DO DB Z-.
. 99
15336 4- ( ) (. 99,).
OEA ( DA) ( DB).
OEA=0, =0 DADB.
OEA=0, =1 , DA DB Z-.
OEA=0, =0 DBDA.
OEA=1 =0 .
15337, 55913, 153326.
58086,87; 183486,87; 15336,9 8- , (. 99,).