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, 100 , Intel PC100 ( PC97, PC98, PC99, ), 100 . , ECC (Error Checking and Correction).
Direct Rambus DRAM.
Intel DRDRAM (Direct Rambus DRAM) , 1.6 /.
.
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IDE. IDE SCSI. UltraSCSI 40 c Quantum IDE UltraATA/33 (UltraATA), 33 /. IDE. Ultra2SCSI 80 / Quantum UltraATA/66, 66 / .
IEEE 1394 Device-Bay. UltraATA/66 IDE .
IDE IEEE 1394, Fire Wire. IEEE 1 ( 50, 240, 1000 3200 /) . , CD-ROM, , , .
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.
, . , . 20-40 /.. , . Quinta, Seagate. OAW (Optically Assisted Winchester).
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OAW . 300 , . . : voice coil, , . , 100 000 ( 15 000). . , . . , .
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CD DVD.
- . CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, CD-R CD-RW, DVD. .1.
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CD-ROM CLV (Constant Linear Velocity),
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0 97 98 99 00
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, . , (4.8-7.5 /), (2.3-3.3 /). , , , . CD-ROM - .
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CD-RW.
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4/4/>16, CD-R, CD-RW .
DVD.
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IBM RS/6000 SP2, Intel PARAGON/ASCCI Red, SGI/CRAY T3E, Parsytec. | |
- | (ASCI Red, Blue Moutain). |
- | : 1. (front-end), , . : Cray T3Y. 2. UNIX- (, ). : IBM RS/6000 SP + OC AIX, . |
- | (MPI, PVM, BSPlib). |
(SMP)
- | ( ). . |
HP9000 V-class, N-class, SMP- Intel (IBM, HP, Compaq, Dell, ALR, Unisys, DG, Fujitsu .). | |
- | , 32 - . SMP - NUMA -. |
- | ( UNIX-, Intel- Windows NT). ( ) / (scheduling), . |
- | (POSIX threads, OpenMP). SMP- . |
(NUMA)
- | (), . . , , .. . , . , ( ), -NUMA (cache-coherent NUMA). |
HP HP9000 V-class SCA-, SGI Origin2000, Sun HPC10000, IBM/Sequent NUMA-Q2000, SNI RM600. | |
- | NUMA- -, - -. NUMA-- 256 (Origin2000). |
- | , SMP. , (, Windows NT UNIX NUMA-Q2000). |
- | SMP. |
(PVP)
- | PVP- - , , . , (1-16) ( SMP) -. ( MPP). |
NEC SX-4/ SX-5, - CRAY: CRAY-1, CRAY J90/ T90, CRAY SV1, Fujitsu VPP. | |
- | ( ) - ( ). |
- | ( ) , - . . - () . |
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- | , , Linux/FreeBSD, . |
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