7
-235, -239
- k = h e j q p p . . - , - -235 -239. h q.
h
h - , .
7.1.1. h. h - h(), , , , .
(-235 -239), (-235 + -239), . , , (-238, , ). h , , , . - ; :
(7.1.1)
"" , .
7.1.2. h . - . , , - -235, - .
235U 235U (Rf5) , 235U (n5) . (7.1.1) 235U, :
, , h5, -235, , - .
|
|
(7.1.2)
239Pu, :
. (7.1.3)
-239 , -235.
7.1.3. h - . , , : -235 -239 ( -241 ). h59 , (7.1.1), :
(7.1.4)
(7.1.4) , h : , .
. , -239 h59 , (7.1.4) 7.1.
7.1. h59 c -239
- .
N9/N5,% | ||||||||
h59 | 2.0704 | 2.0728 | 2.0750 | 2.0768 | 2.0785 | 2.0800 | 2.0813 | 2.0825 |
, h59 . , ( , ) , - , , .
7.1.4. h . (235U) h5 235U, . , , , h5 :
(7.1.5)
, , h5 , 235U.
, , :
ga5(T) 0.912 + 0.25exp(- 0.00475 T);
gf5(T) ga5(T) - 0.004.
h5 :
(7.1.6)
( (293 ) ).
h5(T):
7.2. h5 c
-235.
, | ||||||||
h5 | 2.0619 | 2.0617 | 2.0616 | 2.0615 | 2.0614 | 2.0614 | 2.0614 | 2.0613 |
T, | ||||||||
h5 | 2.0613 | 2.0613 | 2.0613 | 2.0613 | 2.0613 | 2.0613 | 2.0613 | 2.0613 |
, h5(T) : 1500 h5 .
|
|
h -239. , 239Pu . :
gf9(T) 0.8948 - 1.43 . 10-4 T + 2.022 . 10-6 T2,
ga9(T) 0.9442 - 4.038 .10-4 T + 2.6375 . 10-6 T2,
h9(T):
h9 :
7.3. h
-239.
, | ||||||||
h9 | 2.0530 | 2.0296 | 1.9963 | 1.9597 | 1.9242 | 1.8917 | 1.8630 | 1.8380 |
, | ||||||||
h9 | 1.8164 | 1.7977 | 1.7817 | 1.7677 | 1.7556 | 1.7450 | 1.7357 | 1.7271 |
.7.3 , h9(T):
) h5(T), ( 15% 1100 );
) h59 ( - ) , , h59(T) . , (7.1.4) h59 , .7.4:
7.4. h59 -
.
, | h59 N9/N5,% | |||||||
0.00 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.5 | |
700 800 | 2.0619 2.0617 2.0616 2.0615 2.0614 2.0614 2.0614 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 | 2.0618 2.0614 2.0608 2.0601 2.0593 2.0583 2.0571 2.0557 2.0542 2.0525 2.0507 2.0486 2.0465 2.0442 2.0417 2.0391 | 2.0617 2.0611 2.0601 2.0588 2.0572 2.0553 2.0530 2.0504 2.0475 2.0443 2.0408 2.0370 2.0330 2.0288 2.0243 2.0196 | 2.0617 2.0608 2.0594 2.0576 2.0552 2.0524 2.0491 2.0453 2.0411 2.0365 2.0316 2.0263 2.0207 2.0149 2.0088 2.0025 | 2.0616 2.0605 2.0688 2.0564 2.0533 2.0496 2.0459 2.0404 2.0351 2.0293 2.0230 2.0164 2.0095 2.0023 1.9948 1.9872 | 2.0615 2.0602 2.0581 2.0552 2.0514 2.0469 2.0417 2.0358 2.0294 2.0224 2.0150 2.0072 1.9991 1.9908 1.9822 1.9735 | 2.0615 2.0600 2.0575 2.0540 2.0496 2.0443 2.0382 2.0314 2.0240 2.0160 2.0075 1.9987 1.9896 1.9803 1.9708 1.9613 | 2.0614 2.0597 2.0568 2.0528 2.0478 2.0418 2.0348 2.0272 2.0188 2.0099 2.0005 1.9908 1.9808 1.9707 1.9604 1.9501 |
, (.7.1), , h , . ,
h59
|
|
2.06 N9/N5 = 0 %
2.05
2.04 0.5 %
2.03
2.02 1.0 %
2.01
2.00 1.5 %
1.99 2.0 %
1.98
2.5 %
1.97
3.0 %
1.96
3.5 %
300 500 1000 1500 ,
. 7.1.
- 239Pu .
, h , , , .
- , (235U 239Pu), ( ).
, , - , - , - , - -238, , , - , - 235U 239Pu. -, , .
q , , . :
(7.2.1)
Rai : Ra5 - 235U, Ra9 - 239Pu, Ra8 - 238U, Rap - (, UO2), Ra , Ra - , Ra - .
(Rai = Sai ) , , :
- -, ( ) ;
- -, , , , , , .
q . , , , .
7.2.1. q 235U . - 235U (.7.2).
, , 235U , , , - (r) .
|
|
.7.2.
-235 ( ) ( ).
, (7.2.1), q :
(7.2.2)
-235 -235.
, (235U + 239Pu) (k) , :
(7.2.3)
, UO2, 235U, 238U, (), - (239Pu) , ( , - ), q :
(7.2.4)
-238 , , . , (7.2.4).
7.2.2. q , , . , .4.4, - .
( -1000) ( -1000). : (-1000) (-1000). , , , .
- , , ( .7.3).
, -235.
z
(r)
r
d
d
.7.3.
.
, .
235U , - (xSs), (Sa). , , , - (r) .
, , - ( ) ( ). , , .
|
|
, ( ), ( Sa ¹ 0), - (r) . , - .
: (r), - , - ( ). , - , - .
-: max min, - max . , q .
, (r) :
) , , -.