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7

-235, -239

- k = h e j q p p . . - , - -235 -239. h q.

h

h - , .

7.1.1. h. h - h(), , , , .

(-235 -239), (-235 + -239), . , , (-238, , ). h , , , . - ; :

(7.1.1)

"" , .

7.1.2. h . - . , , - -235, - .

235U 235U (Rf5) , 235U (n5) . (7.1.1) 235U, :

, , h5, -235, , - .

(7.1.2)

239Pu, :

. (7.1.3)

-239 , -235.

7.1.3. h - . , , : -235 -239 ( -241 ). h59 , (7.1.1), :

(7.1.4)

(7.1.4) , h : , .

. , -239 h59 , (7.1.4) 7.1.

 

7.1. h59 c -239

- .

N9/N5,%                
h59 2.0704 2.0728 2.0750 2.0768 2.0785 2.0800 2.0813 2.0825

, h59 . , ( , ) , - , , .

7.1.4. h . (235U) h5 235U, . , , , h5 :

(7.1.5)

, , h5 , 235U.

, , :

ga5(T) 0.912 + 0.25exp(- 0.00475 T);

gf5(T) ga5(T) - 0.004.

h5 :

(7.1.6)

( (293 ) ).

h5(T):

7.2. h5 c

-235.

,                
h5 2.0619 2.0617 2.0616 2.0615 2.0614 2.0614 2.0614 2.0613
T,                
h5 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613

, h5(T) : 1500 h5 .

h -239. , 239Pu . :

gf9(T) 0.8948 - 1.43 . 10-4 T + 2.022 . 10-6 T2,

ga9(T) 0.9442 - 4.038 .10-4 T + 2.6375 . 10-6 T2,

h9(T):

h9 :

7.3. h

-239.

,                
h9 2.0530 2.0296 1.9963 1.9597 1.9242 1.8917 1.8630 1.8380
,                
h9 1.8164 1.7977 1.7817 1.7677 1.7556 1.7450 1.7357 1.7271

.7.3 , h9(T):

) h5(T), ( 15% 1100 );

) h59 ( - ) , , h59(T) . , (7.1.4) h59 , .7.4:

7.4. h59 -

.

, h59 N9/N5,%
0.00 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
700 800 2.0619 2.0617 2.0616 2.0615 2.0614 2.0614 2.0614 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0613 2.0618 2.0614 2.0608 2.0601 2.0593 2.0583 2.0571 2.0557 2.0542 2.0525 2.0507 2.0486 2.0465 2.0442 2.0417 2.0391 2.0617 2.0611 2.0601 2.0588 2.0572 2.0553 2.0530 2.0504 2.0475 2.0443 2.0408 2.0370 2.0330 2.0288 2.0243 2.0196 2.0617 2.0608 2.0594 2.0576 2.0552 2.0524 2.0491 2.0453 2.0411 2.0365 2.0316 2.0263 2.0207 2.0149 2.0088 2.0025 2.0616 2.0605 2.0688 2.0564 2.0533 2.0496 2.0459 2.0404 2.0351 2.0293 2.0230 2.0164 2.0095 2.0023 1.9948 1.9872 2.0615 2.0602 2.0581 2.0552 2.0514 2.0469 2.0417 2.0358 2.0294 2.0224 2.0150 2.0072 1.9991 1.9908 1.9822 1.9735 2.0615 2.0600 2.0575 2.0540 2.0496 2.0443 2.0382 2.0314 2.0240 2.0160 2.0075 1.9987 1.9896 1.9803 1.9708 1.9613 2.0614 2.0597 2.0568 2.0528 2.0478 2.0418 2.0348 2.0272 2.0188 2.0099 2.0005 1.9908 1.9808 1.9707 1.9604 1.9501

, (.7.1), , h , . ,

h59

2.06 N9/N5 = 0 %

 

2.05

 

2.04 0.5 %

 

2.03

 

2.02 1.0 %

 

2.01

 

2.00 1.5 %

 

1.99 2.0 %

 

1.98

2.5 %

1.97

3.0 %

1.96

3.5 %

300 500 1000 1500 ,

. 7.1.

- 239Pu .

, h , , , .

 

- , (235U 239Pu), ( ).

, , - , - , - , - -238, , , - , - 235U 239Pu. -, , .

q , , . :

(7.2.1)

Rai : Ra5 - 235U, Ra9 - 239Pu, Ra8 - 238U, Rap - (, UO2), Ra , Ra - , Ra - .

(Rai = Sai ) , , :

- -, ( ) ;

- -, , , , , , .

q . , , , .

7.2.1. q 235U . - 235U (.7.2).

, , 235U , , , - (r) .

 
 

 


.7.2.

-235 ( ) ( ).

 

, (7.2.1), q :

(7.2.2)

-235 -235.

, (235U + 239Pu) (k) , :

(7.2.3)

, UO2, 235U, 238U, (), - (239Pu) , ( , - ), q :

(7.2.4)

-238 , , . , (7.2.4).

7.2.2. q , , . , .4.4, - .

( -1000) ( -1000). : (-1000) (-1000). , , , .

- , , ( .7.3).

, -235.

z

 

 

(r)

 

 

r

 

d

 

d

 

 

.7.3.

.

, .

235U , - (xSs), (Sa). , , , - (r) .

, , - ( ) ( ). , , .

, ( ), ( Sa ¹ 0), - (r) . , - .

: (r), - , - ( ). , - , - .

-: max min, - max . , q .

, (r) :

) , , -.





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