K', υ K (. 4.3.1). x'. , K', l 0. . , K? .
l K, , , . K' K, : l υ υτ0, τ0 K - (, A) K (. 4.3.1). K ( A) , τ0 K . , l l = υτ0.
4.3.1. |
l l 0. K', A, K, υ,
l 0 = υτ, |
τ A , K'. τ τ0 ,
, , , . . . , . . .
, . - , . . . 4.3.1 x, K', K K'. . . K K' y y' . l, K K', O O'. : . , . .
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, , 4.2 .
, (υ << c) : l ≈ l 0 τ ≈ τ0. , , , β = υ / c → 0. .
. |
, , . (x, y, z) t , K, (x', y', z') t' , K'.
. 1904 , . , K' K υ x, :
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. , . , , x' K' τ0 = t' 2 t' 1 ( ), t' 1 t' 2 K' . τ K
, , . . , , K' (x' 1 ≠ x' 2) K' (t' 1 = t' 2 = t') . , K
, K , , . , t 2 t 1 υ(x' 2 x' 1), , , , . , - , . , , - .
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- .
K' x' . B, (. 4.4.1(a)), K' x K υ. . K' , , , t'. K υ , , . c, , K, , (. 4.4.1(b)).
4.4.1. . K' (a) K (b) |
. , , . c, . , - , .
- :
t 12 , l 12 , , . , (x 1 = y 1 = z 1 = 0) t 1 = 0, x, y, z t, -
, - . , , , .
t = 0, x, y, z t (. 4.1.3),
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = c 2 t 2, |
, , s = 0. , - s' ,
, , .
. , , K' x' u'x u'z . K
:
, K K'.
υ << c :
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ux = u'x + υ, uy = 0, uz = 0. |
K' x' u'x = c , ux K
, K x c, .