) 2.
Fe(OH)3 + HCl ..; Fe(OH)3 + H+ ..
) 1. Sn(OH)2 SnCl2
2. - Sn(OH)2. . .
OH- ..
) 1. SnCl2 + NaOH ..; Sn2+ + 2OH- ..¯ ) 2. Sn(OH)2 +
H+ ..
. ( , ?)
II. - .
- ) ), -
) Fe+2 (MnO4-) (H+).
0.5 MnO4 1-2 H2SO4 MnO4- FeSO4.
KMnO4 + Fe SO4 + H2SO4 MnSO4 +Fe2(SO4)3 +...
) .
1-2 HNO3.
Co + HNO3 Co(NO3)2 + NO+
Co+2 .NO - , NO2 .
III.
, (, ) (, ) , () . - .
3 NaOH +HCl = NaCl + H2O
- 8 NaOH (V =8 ), , 2-3 () HCl (C = 0.1 /) . (Vi) . . .
III
| V, 10-3 | C, / | Vi, 10-3 | V, 10-3 | C, / | ω | |
| 0,1 | V1 = | V = (V1+V2+V3) / 3 | C = V × C /V | ω = C ∙ ∙ 10-3 | ||
| 0,1 | V2 = | |||||
| 0,1 | V3 = |
- V - , 8
V = (V1+V2+V3) / 3
- C,, V×C = V×C, (NaOH +HCl = NaCl + H2O)
C = V × C / V [ / ],
- ω ( ), r 1 /3
|
|
|
ω = C ∙ / V ∙ r = C ∙ ∙ 10-3,
C [ / ]; [ / ], V ([ 1000 3 ]) - 1 , r - NaOH [ /3 ]
( ), , , V , C ω.
. ( ?)
:
____(. )_________________________________
I. , -
.
Mg(NO3)2 + NaOH = Mg(OH)2↓ + 2NaNO3 .
Mg2+ + 2NO3 + 2Na+ + 2OH = Mg(OH)2↓ + 2Na+ + 2NO3
Mg2+ + 2OH = Mg(OH)2↓
-
Mg(OH)2↓ + 2HNO3 = Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O
Mg(OH)2↓ + 2H+ + 2 NO3 = Mg2+ + 2NO3 + 2H2O
Mg(OH)2↓ + 2H+ = Mg2+ + 2H2O
Mg(OH)2↓ + 2NaOH ≠
.
: , .
