..
: 221000
:
2011 .
1.
................................................ 4
2.
........10
3. - ................................13
4. - ....................19
5. ..................................23
6. ....................................27
7. ...............31
1
, :
- ;
- ;
- ;
.
:
1. m = 5 .
2. j 1 = 270.
3. j 2 = 30.
4. R = 1.
5. w1= 90/c.
6. w2= 30/c.
7. S = 0,5 .
8. V = 1 /.
. 1.
|
|
| |||||
. 1.
1. :
1 = m R ( + 2 g cos j 2), NBZ =
, 3, 2 .
|
|
. .. , - = 0.2.
2 , , 2 = 2.0.
3 . 3 = 2.3.
, j 2 = 0.
:
w1 = 90/c = = 1.57 ,
j1 = 270 = = 4.71
, :
1= = = 131.1 ,
= = 15.08 ,
= 5 * 19.6 = 98
N1 :
N1 = , NBZ = = = 29.5
h = 0.8, :
N1 = 221.9
N1 = 250 .
- 250, :
- N = 250
- = 0.8
- = 3000
2. .
2 = m R ()
:
= 0.1, 2 = 1.1, 3 = 1.8.
w 2 j 2 :
w 2 = 30/c = = 0.52 ,
j 2 = 60 = = 1.05
, 2 = max a = 0, , :
2 = = = 65.5 ,
= 5*2.32 = 11.6 ,
= 5* 10.78 = 53.9
N2:
N2 =
h = 0.8 ,
N2 = = 48.65
N2 = 50 .
-50. :
- N = 50 ,
- = 0.16 ,
- = 3000
2 (.2), h = 0.2 , :
F = = = 327.5
h
m
R
. 2. .
F :
D =
n=1.5 ( ) P = 0.5 , :
D = = 35.37
40 .
3. :
F = 1m
1 = 2.0, = 0.1, :
F = = 100 ,
F = 3.5 =3.5 = 35 ,
Fc = F + F = 100 + 35 = 135
, :
- D = 50 ;
- d = 36 ;
- S = 500 ;
- P = 1.0
:
- F = 1960 - ;
- F = 940 - .
, : , , , 8.35 .
, .
|
|
:
D =
(n = 1.5), 0.5 . :
D = = = 22.71
D = 25 .
£ 18... 20, Lmax:
Lmax = 20 D = 20*25 = 500
S=500 , . D = 32 , Lmax = 640 . d = 7 , = = 0.22 = 0.2... 0.7 .
1.
, :
- ;
- ;
- .
- , .
:
1. m = (1 + n) .
2. j 1 = (60 + 10n) .
3. w1 =(30 + 2n) .
4. H = (0.2 + 0.05n) .
5. V1 = (0.1 + 0.02n) .
6. S = (0.3 + 0.03n) .
7. V2 = (0.1 + 0.02n) .
8. R = (0.2 + 0.03n) .
n - .
2
1.
( N 1.)
= 15.08 = 98 , .. > , . :
U = ;
- ().
- 250, :
- N1 = 250 ;
- = 0.8 ;
- n = 3000 /.
- , (0.7 - 0.9). , = 0.8, :
U = = 177
( ). w1
w1 = 90 / = 15
w = 3000 1/ ,
Uw = = = 200
.. Uw > U. , :
-
w = U w1 = 177 * 15 = 2655 1/
- - 250 , . . .
2.
= 11.6 = 53.9 , . . > , . :
U =
- 50, :
- N2 = 50
- = 0.16
- n = 3000
... h = 0.8
U = = 512
, , , , . :
- , -;
|
|
- , > 0.16 .
. :
U1 U2
, .
U1 -
U2 - - .
U2 = 4, U1 :
U1 = = = 128
. w2
w2 = 30 / = 5
w = 3000 ,
Uw = = = 600
. . Uw > U , .
2.
1. N1.
2. .
3
-
- :
- 2 = 65.5 ;
- i = 4;
- a = (300... 400) ;
.
1. m :
m =
, h = 0.9 2 , 2 = 65500 .
m = = = 3.5 * 1.24 = 4.34
m = 4 .
2. :
- t = p m = 3.14 * 4 = 12.57 ;
- b = y m, y = 6, b = 6 * 4 = 24 , m = 4, b = 25 ;
- h = 0.6 * m = 0.6 * 4 = 2.4 ;
- s = m = 4 ;
- 2b = 50;
- H = m + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5 ;
- m = 4, d = 0.8... 1.3 , d = 1.0 ;
- m = 4, d = 0.65 ;
- p = 1.2... 1.4 , p = 1.4 ;
12.57 25
2.4 1
5
0.65 4
1.4
50
.1.
3. :
- m = 4, Z1 = 14... 20, Z1 = 16
- Z2 = Z1 i = 16 * 4 = 64
4. , :
- L¢
L¢ = 2a¢ + (d1 + d2) +
|
|
:
d1 = m Z1 = 4 * 16 = 64
d2 = m Z2 = 4 * 64 = 256
:
a¢ = (0.5... 2.0) (d1 + d2) = (0.5... 2.0) (64 + 256) = (160... 640)
160 640 , ¢ = 300 , :
L¢ = 2 * 300 + (64 + 256) + = 600 + 502.65 + 30.72=
= 1133.37
-
ZP¢ = = = 90.2
Z = 100, :
L = pmZ = 3.14 * 4 * 100 = 1256
:
a = 0.25 [ L - D1 + ]
D1 = 0.5 p (d1 + d2) = (64 + 256) = 502.65
D2 = 0.25 (d2 - d1) 2 = 0.25 * (256 - 64) 2 = 9216
a = 0.25 * [ 1256 - 502.65 + ] =
= 0.25 * [ 753.35 + ] = 0.25 * [ 753.35 + ]
= 0.25 * [ 753.35 + 702.71 ] = 367
5. , :
a = 180 - [ ] * 57.3 = 180 - [ ] * 57.3 =
= 180 - 36.7 = 143
,
Z0 = = = 6.35
Z0 ³ 6 .
6. :
-
da1 = d1 + 2d + RZ1 = (m + R)Z1 - 2d
-
da2 = (m + R)Z2 - 2d
R :
R =
Ft - ,
Ft = = = 568.6
m = 4 l = 1.6 * 10 * m = 6.4 * 10 ,
R = = 31 * 10
da1 = (4 + 0.0031) * 16 - 2 * 1.0 = 62.05
da2 = (4 + 0.0031) * 64 - 2 * 1.0 = 254.2
-
df1 = da1 - 1.8m = 62.05 - 1.8 * 4 = 54.85
df2 = da2 - 1.8m = 254.2 - 1.8 * 4 = 247.0
-
hm = 0.9 * m = 0.9 * 4 = 3.6
-
B = b + m = 25 + 4 = 29
-
f = (0.25... 0.4) m = (0.25... 0.4) * 4 = (1... 1.6)
-
e = hm - h = 3.6 - 2.4 =1.2
(0.25... 0.35) m = (1... 1.4) .
1.2 1.0
Æ 64 Æ256
Æ 54.85
Æ 62.05
. 2.
7. , , F2 F0, .
F2 = (1.0... 1.2) Ft = (1.0... 1.2) * 568.8 = (567... 680) H
F0 = (1.1... 1.8) qbV2
q - 1 ,
q =
q = (25 + 8.5 * 4) * 10 = 59 * 10
V - , / c
V = = = = 0.067
F0 = (1.1... 1.8) * 59 * 10 * 25 * 0.0672 = 8.6 * 10
F0 , .
8. , :
s =
1.98 - , ,
s = = 2.95
s £ [s]
[s] - ,
[s] = 0.75 sb
sb - , ; sb = (10... 13) .
2.95 £ 7.5 - .
3.
. : . .., .. . - : , 1990. - 38 .
4
-
- , , :
- S = 0.3
- V = 0.02
- Fa = 500
- Fr = 20 L2 =0.1
- - 4-4, - 40
-
.
1. , . 1:
|
|
S V
M, j, w
Fa
L1 = H L2
Fr
. 1.
2. d2 :
d2 ³
- , , = 0.8,
- g - , g = 1.2... 2.5, g = 1.2,
- [p] - , [p] = (9... 11) , [p] = 9 .
:
d2 ³ = = 5.44
d2 = 6.0 .
3. 9484-73 :
- p = 1.5 ;
- d = d2 + 0.5p = 6 + 1.5 * 0.5 = 6.75 ;
- d1 = d - p = 6.75 - 1.5 = 5.25 ;
- H1 = 1.866 p = 1.866 * 1.5 = 2.799 .
P
30
H1
d1 d d2
.2.
4. :
- = g d2 = 1.2 * 6 = 7.2
- D = 1.3 d = 1.3 * 6.75 = 8.775
- d = = = 1.01
: d ³ 5 , , d = 5 ,
D = d + 2d = 6.75 + 10 = 16.75
d
D
H
. 3.
5. :
s = £ [ s ]
= 1.3, [s] = 40
s = = 13.37 £ 40 - .
:
d = £ [d]; [d] = 40
d = = 3.52 £ 40 - .
6. :
- S=0.3 V = 0.02 :
j = = = 125.6 (200 )
= 1 - .
w = = = 84
n = = = 800
- :
h- =
y = arctg = arctg = arctg 0.0796 = 56¢
r = arctg = arctg = 651¢
f = 0.12 .
h- = = = 0.395
, y < r.
7. :
M = Fa tg (y + r) = 500 * * 0.19 = 285 = 0.285
N = = = 25.3
Mf = f Fr (1 + 2 ) = 0.12 * 20 * * (1 + 2* ) = 207.2 =
= 0.207
2 = 0.492 0.5 .
, :
N = 25.3
= 0.5
n = 800 /
5.
-.
:
- 1 = 100
- a = 270
- w1 = 90 /
1. d1 :
d1 = K1
ybd - , ybd = (0.2... 1.4, ybd = 0.8.
K1 =
[s] :
[s] =
s - 350HB, :
s = 2HB + 70
, 50 HB = 280,
s = 2 * 280 + 70 = 630
S 1.1, .. S = 1.1.
KHL 1 2.6, KHL = 1.8, :
[s] = = 1031
K1 = = = 7.65
d1 = 7.65 = 7.65 * 5.8 = 44.4
2. :
- S2 :
S2 = = = 104.6 = 10.5 ;
- V2 :
V2 = = = 0.035 = 3.5 ;
w1 = 90 /c = = 1.57
3. :
- m = 2 , :
Z1 = = = 22.2
Z1 = 22, :
d1 = m Z1 = 2 * 22 = 44
S2 = = 103.6
V2 = = 0.0345
-
da1 = d1 + 2m = 44 + 2 * 2 = 48
-
df1 = d1 - 2.5m = 44 - 2.5 * 2 = 39
-
s1 = 0.5 p m = 0.5 * 3.14 * 2 = 3.14
-
P1 = p m = 3.14 * 2 = 6.28
, :
40
6.28
3.14
Æ 48
Æ 39 Æ 44
. 1.
4. :
- S2 = 104.6 , L2 = 110 ;
- , .. p2 = p1 = 6.28 ;
-
Z2 = = = 18
- b2 = ybd d1 = 0.8 * 44 = 35.2 , 36 ;
- b1 = b2 + 0.6 = 35.2 + 3.6 = 38.8 , b1 , b1 = 40 ;
- h = 2.25 * 2 = 45 ;
- ha = 2 ;
- s2 = 0.5 p m = 3.14 ;
6.28 3.14 36
. 2.
5. , :
F = = = 454.5 = 45.5
, 454.5 S2 = 110 .
6
.
:
1. Z = 8
2. t0 = 2
3. 0.4
4. = 10
5. m = 10
1. , . 1.
Æ D