, . , - . , :
whip , ;
whack ;
swish , (, );
slap .
. [wh], [s] .
le er. 䳺. , babb le, chatt er, gabb le, pratt le ( , , ).
.
䳺 to talk () to babb le (), to gabb le (), to tittle-tatt le (). , 䳺 , , , , . , le , .
ij to laugh () : to cack le, to gurg le (). , . , , : to cackle () - to guffaw (). , : [ff], [g] . to bubble (), to gurgle ().
er, . 䳺 to talk, : to chatter ( ), to mutter (). er , . .
䳺 to laugh () - to snigger, to titter () er , .
( ). ..ó : reduplicative compounds proper and ablaut combinations[10,32]. , , razzle-dazzle (), , , , . , chit-chat ( ), ding-dong ( ).
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| ding-dong (-) | : ding, - dong | |
| murmur () | - , , - | |
| tittle-tattle () | tittle tattle , - , | |
| ha-ha; haw-haw (-) | , , | |
| hip-hip-hurrah (--) | , , | |
| cock-a-doddle-do () | ||
| trala-la-la-la (---) | ; | |
| rum-tum-tiddle-um (---) |
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, , . , murmur, ding-dong, trala-la-la.
, :
| whu (says the owl); squeak (rat); buzz (bee); babble; blob; bubble; flush; gurgle; gush; splash (sounds and movements of water); clink, tinkle (noise of metallic things); clash; crash; whack; whip; whisk (forceful motion); tinkle (bell). | bow-wow (dog); tu-whu (owl); hee-haw (donkey); ding-dong (bell); tick-tock (steeple clock); tick-tack (kitchen clock); ticker-tacker (wrist watch); jickety-can (train goes running along the line); rum-tum; tiddle-iddle. | trala-la-la; tiddle-um-tum; rum-tum-tum-tiddle-um (imitating of singing); cock-a- doodle-do (cock). |
, . , , ( ) . . : le, -er, ( , ). , le, -er . , , , , 䳿, , .
2.3.
. , , , ..ó, [10,104].
. , -. , , . , [9, . 58]. ֳ :
Little green frog
"Gung, gung", went the little green frog one day
"Gung, gung", went the little green frog one day
"Gung, gung", went the little green frog one day
And his eyes went " aah, aah, gung "
"Moo, moo", went the little brown cow one day
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"Moo, moo", went the little brown cow one day
"Moo, moo", went the little brown cow one day
And her tongue went "swish, swish"
"Oink, oink", went the little pink pig one day
"Oink, oink", went the little pink pig one day
And his nose went "khru, khru" [10].
˳ Horsey , . Horsey , swish(), chippety clop ( ):
Horsey, horsey, dont you stop,
Just let feet go clippetty clop,
The tail goes swish and the wheels go round,
Giddy up, homeward bound [10].
, , , , , ᒺ. , , . , , . , , . E.g.:
The Engine drives by Cline Sanson
The train goes running along the line,
Jickety-can, jickety-can,
I wish it was mine, I wish it was mine,
Jickety-can, jickety-can,
The engine driver stands in front
He makes it run, he makes it shut,
Out of the town, out of the town,
Over the hills, over the down,
Under the bridges, across the lea,
Over the bridges and down to sea,
With a jickety-can, jickety-can,
Jickety-can, jickety-can, jickety-can, jickety-can [8].
M. Rush Hour ( ) rush (), crush (), fuss () :
What a rush, what a crush!
What a fuss, fuss, fuss!
Everybody is running for the fife oclock bus [8].
, , , :
to crash ,
to rumble ,
to rattle ,
to strum ,
to crunch ,
to creak ,
to growl ,
to shriek .
. . , , , [r] [ 8, c.158 ].
The Bells () , - : sleigh-bells () tinkling (), fire-bells (, ) clanging (), wedding bells ( ) mellow chimino ( ), funeral bells ( ) tolling ( ), moaning (), groaning () [4, .83].
:
Bow-wow, says the dog,
Grunt, grunt, goes the hog,
Tu-whu, says the owl,
And what the cuckoo says you know.
You know cows singing, dont you?
Of course, it says moo, moo
The owl is smiling for you,
Listen it sings tu-whu-whu
bow-wow, grunt, tu-whu , , .
, , , , .
, , , , . . , , , , , .
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, :
1. , :
- ;
- ;
- ;
2. , , ,
- ,
- ,
- , .
- ,
- ,
- .
3. , : , .
4. , , .
