treat ,
to gobble , ,
upward curve
a far cry ,
property prices
to be confined to ,
to go overboard ,
spending power
gauge , , ,
to gauge ,
housing market
rebound , ,
momentum , ,
consumer confidence , ,
short-term interest rates
to deteriorate (), ()
accurate ,
double-digit growth ,
inconsistent , ,
to ramp up , ,
to goad ,
wary ,
upswing ,
to slacken (),
sluggish , ,
fillip ,
feeble , ,
lucrative , ,
to loosen monetary policy -
fiscal stimulus - -
labour market healthy labour market flexible labour market tight labour market | , , |
labour (syn. labour force, workforce) labour flexibility/ mobility labour costs | |
to employ/ to hire ant. tofire to lay off employee employer | . , |
employment conditions of employment full-time/full employment part-time employment unemployment rate syn. rate of unemployment ant. employment rate natural rate of unemployment (NAIRU) | , / . |
wage average wage minimum wage wage inflation wage rate to set wages salary pay | () , () |
competition competitive competitiveness competitor syn. rival | |
skill semi-skilled/skilled/unskilled labour transferable skills to apply skills qualification | , / / |
trade union | |
indicate indicator indication | , , , |
perform performance underperformance of the economy, underperforming economy | , , , , |
to contribute to | 1) , 2) |
a rise in / growth in | |
income disposable income | , , (.. ) |
frictional unemployment | , ( ) |
structural unemployment | |
seasonal unemployment | |
cyclical unemployment | |
demand for | |
benefit to benefit from beneficial unemployment benefit | , , - , |
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1. labour force participation rate
2. prime working years
3. prime-age man
4. disability insurance /
5. ripple effect , ,
6. to pass up ,
7. to mitigate , , ,
2. pay packet -
- productivity 1) 2)
- to lag behind -
- labour force participation rate - ; , , .
to drag down -
1. child-care leave
2. overhaul , ,
3. headline figure/rate /
2. to hit , ,
3. to be badly hit ,
4. to hurt 1) , ; 2) ,
5. to affect (), , ;
6. To offset 1) , ; 2) , .
happens (happened) to... | ()..., , ... |
turns out to, proves to... | ()... |
tnds to | , ()... |
is considered to... | (), ... |
is thought to... | , , ... |
is understood to... | ()..., (), ... |
is estimated to... | ... |
is projected to..., is forecast to | ... |
is alleged to... | , , () ... |
is heard to... | , ()... |
is seen to... | , (), ... |
is felt to..., is reckoned to.. | , ... |
is likely to... | , ..., , ... |
is unlikely to... | , ..., , |
is sure (certain) to... | () , , ... |
It remains to be seen... | ... |
dollar fluctuations
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non-oil imports ,
export-driven economy ,
better-than expected results , ()
pay and pension fund cuts -
trend-
bubble ,
to displace workers by -
Syn. to substitute
contract workers
temporary workers
to fill a vacancy
skilled trade ,
to be in short supply ,
shortage -
to struggle -
to conduct business -
environment - ,
to make a dent in smth -
the Labour Department T
re-employment
euro zone - ( , , )
deteriorating conditions -
a percentage point -
the export machine was running hot - , ,
Bureau of Labour Statistics - , )
to release data - ,
payroll employment
manufacturing employment /
to add jobs -
to revise up
at a rapid clip
to be well above -
pre-crash peak -
outlook - ;
to be idle ,
OECD ( )
to tackle a problem
to reignite
to deregulate -
labour-hungry bits of the economy ,
to sprout ;
self-contained economy
to entice ,
crunch time ,
equilibrium , ,
intermittent , ,
mortgage /
slack , , ()
labour slack -
1. agriculture syn. Farming | |
2. mining (industry) syn. extractive industry to mine syn. to extract | , , |
3. to drill drilling | , , |
4. services to render/provide services | / |
5. ferrous metals ant. non-ferrous metals | . |
6. precious metals (stones) | () |
7. raw materials syn.crude materials | |
8. commodities | , |
9. to sustain sustained sustainable (syn. renewable) | , , , , (slowdown) (), ( ) |
10. deposit depletion of deposits | |
11. exploration syn. prospecting | () |
12. development | () |
13. resource(s) alternative (renewable) energy resources ant. non-renewable, exhaustible resources resource recovery and recycling | (), .. , , () , , . , |
14. to replenish | , |
15. energetics | |
16. energy syn. power atomic / nuclear energy / nuclear power hydropower clean / green / environmentally friendly electric energy solar energy thermal energy tidal energy wind energy fossil-fuel energy to generate energy to transmit energy to distribute energy conventional energy | , , , |
17. fuel fossil-fuels solid fuels | |
18. electricity | |
19. power supply | , |
20. power plant syn. power station | |
21. crude oil (crude) oil shale | ( ) |
22. petroleum | , ; |
23. gasoline | |
24. energy-consuming syn. energy-intensive | |
25. energy-saving | |
26. construction | |
27. capacity | 1. , (, ) 2. , ( -) |
28. equipment syn. machinery to install equipment | , |
29. know-how | , , , - |
30. input syn. factor of production | |
31. production capital-intensive production labour-intensive production knowledge-intensive production raw material intensive production production costs production process production techniques chain of production | 1. , , 2. (. ) (, ) |
32. productivity | ( , ) |
33. value added | |
34. fficiency | , ( ) |
35. products syn. goods finished product syn. manufactured product intermediate product | , () |
36. to design design (n) | , |
37. facilities to operate facilities | 1) 2) () 3) , 4) , (, ..) 5) |
38. capital goods | , , |
39. consumer goods durable consumer goods syn. consumer durables ant. non-durable consumer goods | . |
40. entrepreneurship entrepreneur enterprise | |
41. blue collars | ( ) |
42. white collars | , , - ( ) |
43. (work)shop | , |
44. white goods | |
45. brown goods | |
46. components | , |
47. spare parts | |
48. supplier to supply | |
49. customer | , , , |
50. assembly to assemble assembly shop | , , |
51. warehouse | |
52. machine tool | |
53. costs fixed costs variable costs to cut costs | , |
54. profit | |
55. to diversify diversified economy | |
56. sunrise industry ant. sunset industry | , . , |
57. mature | , |
58. intangible goods | |
59. banking | , |
60. warehousing | , |
61. messenger services | , |
62. rental and leasing services | |
63. waste management | |
64. accounting | , |
65. insurance | , |
66. cloud computing | |
67. administrative and technical support |
moving assembly line ,
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mass production
disruptive , ,
retail(ing)
upstart ( syn. start-up)
subsidy
offshore production , (, )
level playing field ,
tight labour market - more jobs than workers-
viable , ,
to pursue ,
to sour ,
to design , ,
to feed through , ,
tilt , ,
bid ,
to reflate 1) , 2)
monetary easing -
tailwind 1) , 2)
Ant. headwind
to buoy ,
influx , ,
to man 1) () 2)
idle ,
production line ,
syn. conveyor belt
to stall ,
to be reluctant ,
currency depreciation
ant. appreciation
lingering , , ,
cautiousness ,
to flag ,
to make headway ,
a snapshot , ,
arduous , ,
to shed (), (),
assets
to gear up 1) 2) -
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to sag , ,
to outperform ,
to derive from ,
stock market
to unleash , ,
tax breaks
low-end jobs
government jobs
business services
production | , ( ) |
Productivity | ( , ) |
produce (n) | ( , ) |
to produce (v) | 1) 2) -, |
producer | |
product | , , |
products | |
productive | , |
counterproductive | , |
1) apacity 1) , 2) , ( -)
vercapacity (syn. excess capacity)
spare capacity (syn. reserve capacity) (, , )
capacity utilization , .
2) facilities 1) 2) () 3) , 4) , (, ..)
3) shale-gas
4) natural-gas
5) fertilizers
6) digitization
7) disruption , , ,
8) deep coal mining
9) to keep humming - ( )
10) to cease ,
11) coal pit ,
12) surface mining
13) to trim , ,
14) to compile ,
15) quarrying
16) sewage
17) to take a dive
18) destination , ,
19) to acquire ,
20) corporation tax
21) flexible , ,
22) to struggle , , ,
23) (trade) unions -
24) to hollow out
25) vacant ,
26) steel mill
27) devastating , ,
28) wreak ,
29) fortunes , ,
30) subsistence , ;
31) indirect jobs
32) induced jobs
33) to cater for , ,
34) to factor in ,
35) to rev up , (,, )
36) private equity
37) to avail oneself of ,
38) a bid ,
39) to rebalance ,
40) to accelerate ,
41) to bet ,
42) to branch out , ,
43) theme park
44) debt-fueled investment
45) shale producer , /
46) to ratchet back ,
47) to bend to , ,
48) dismal , ,
49) on par , ,
50) to pump , ( )
51) at full tilt ,
52) driller
53) hurdle , ,
54) to throttle back , ,
55) a well
56) to tap (, , )
57) to coax ,
58) interest payment
59) to put a lid on sth ,
60) to turn on a spigot
61) to handle assembly
62) rationale , , , ,
63) a blip
64) renaissance
65) decent ,
66) to pale , ,
67) compelling , ,
68) shipping costs
69) for one thing ,
70) to spur , , ,
71) to cripple , , ,
72) a beacon 1) , 2 ) , ,
73) to reverse ,
74) to foment , ,
75) to expose , , , ()
76) fragility , ,
77) to upend , ,
78) to be reliant on
79) contractor
80) ravage ,
81) hallmark , ,
82) to reverberate , ,
83) to mire ,
84) cash-strapped ,
85) to flood , ,
86) deflationary pressure
87) surplus capacity
88) binge , ,
89) aggregate profit ,
90) return on assets ,
91) to subsidize -
92) indiscriminately , ,
93) heavy industry
ant. light industry -
to devalue ,
to exacerbate - ,
trade frictions
reckoning ,
consolidation ,
unviable , ,
to post ,
take a bite
turmoil , ,
momentum , , ,
nascent , ,
money market ( )
cumulative , ,
a drag ,
to be under way ,
to go a long way , ,
to settle for , ,
to crank up , ,
to highlight , ,
a retreat , ,
nimble , , ,
to mitigate , ,
rally ,
debt-laden ,
hydraulic fracturing ( )
Syn. fracking
to outrun ,
fleet-footed , ,
backlog , ,
to resume -
lay off
a rig /