5. , :
1. What is marketing?
2. What operations does marketing include?
3. What is the most important thing in marketing?
4. What are the main steps in marketing research?
a. To find out who the customers are and what they want.
b. Defining the problem, collecting data, compiling data and analyzing the results.
c. The performance of business activities connected with the flow of goods from producers to consumers.
d. Transporting, storing, pricing and selling goods.
6. , :
1. Transporting means.. a) determining the best price;
2. Pricing is.... b) helping consumers to discover their needs;
3. Selling involves.... c) carrying goods from the place of their production to the place of their selling.
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1. :
1. pollution a.
2. up-to-date b.
3. carry (goods) c.
4. wastes d.
5. contaminate e. ,
6. get sick f.
7. destroy g.
8. dangerous h.
9. acid i. ()
10. to be concerned about j.
11. affect .
12. dirty 1. ,
13. result (in) m. ( )
2. :
problem, machine, technology, comfortable, result, ozone, activity, planet, balance, catastrophe, atmosphere.
3. :
POLLUTION
1. People have designed and produced up-to-date machines and technologies to make their life easier and more comfortable. But all these activities result in air and water pollution.
2. One of the most important problems is the oceans. A lot of ships crossing the oceans and seas, especially those that carry oil, put their wastes into water, and the water becomes dirty. As a result many birds and fish die because of polluted water, others are getting contaminated and people may get sick from eating them.
3. The second problem is air pollution. Cars and plants pollute the atmosphere with their wastes. They destroy the ozone layer which protects us from the dangerous light of the Sun. They also destroy forests which are dying from acid rains.
4. Now people begin to realize the danger of their activities. People are concerned about the air and the water used by everyone, they are also concerned about the future of the planet because they understand that these activities affect the balance of nature.
5. In order to make our life not only easier but better and healthier we must learn to protect the water, the air and the earth from pollution. Our planet belongs to our children and if we want our children to live in a healthier world we must do everything to protect them from the catastrophe.
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4. 1, 2,3 ,4.
5. , :
1. What do people's activities result in?
2. What happens to birds, animals, fish and people because of polluted water?
3. What do wastes of cars and plants destroy?
4. What must we do if we want our children to live in a healthier world?
a. Many birds, animals and fish die of polluted water. Others are getting contaminated and people may get sick from eating them.
b. We must learn to protect the water, the air and the earth from the pollution.
c. Air and water pollution.
d. The ozone layer which protects us from the sun.
6. , :
1. People have produced new machines to make their life easier....
a) but all these activities did not result in air and water pollution.
b) but all these activities result in water and air pollution.
c) but all these activities do not affect the balance of nature.
2. A lot of ships crossing the oceans, especially those that carry oil, put their wastes into water. As a result....
a) they destroy the ozone layer.
b) they destroy forests which are dying from acid rains.
c) they pollute water and many fish and birds die.
3. People are concerned about the air and the water used by everyone because they understand that their activities....
a) improve and make their life healthier.
b) improve machines and do not affect the balance of nature.
c) result in air and water pollution and affect the balance of nature.
4. The wastes of cars and plants pollute the atmosphere....
a) but do not destroy the ozone layer and forests.
b) and destroy the ozone layer and forests which are dying from acid rains.
c) but do not affect the balance of nature.
17
1. :
1. environmental protection a.
2. to absorb (smth) b.
3. to supply the economy with resources c.
4. to pollute d.
5. to reduce the resources of forests e.
6. to suffer an environmental problem f.
7. water shortage g.
8. damage to wildlife h.
9. timber i.
10. an unlimited source of resources j.
11. wastes .
12. to damage the resources 1.
2. :
limit, atmosphere, economy, result, natural, gas, ozone, problem, fact, territory, economic, protect.
3. :
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
1. People have thought that the environment is an unlimited source of resources, that the atmosphere, forests, rivers and seas are capable of absorbing all wastes. The environment supplies the economy of any country with its resources such as timber, minerals and oil. As a result, natural resources are becoming reduced, air and water are polluted, and the environment is unable to absorb all its wastes.
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2. For example, waste gases cause acid rains; this leads to forest damage and therefore reduces the resources of forests. Another problem is water shortage resulting from unlimited use of it. The third one is destroying the ozone layer of the Earth through pollution from plants and cars. One more problem is damage to wildlife. It is possible that some kinds of animals can disappear due to people's activities.
3. Some territories in Russia are also suffering environmental problems. Many of these problems have been caused by economic activities. Many forests in the north of European Russia and the Far East are under threat.
4. If we want to live in a healthier world we must learn to use the environment carefully and protect it from damage caused by our activities. Otherwise very soon we will have no world to live in.
