: ; .
4.
,
, . . , , (, , ).
, .
. , :
.
() , . , ( ) , . , , ,
,
; , , , - , ( 62,37×103 3× . . .-1), .
.
, , (. 4.1).
k . k
(1) |
, .
4.1.
..
N / | , . . . | |
N | 14,007 | |
Al | 26,982 | |
Ar | 39,948 | |
10,811 | ||
1,008 | ||
39,102 | ||
O | 16,000 | |
Si | 28,086 | |
N | 22,999 | |
S | 32,064 | |
12,011 | ||
30,974 | ||
F | 18,998 | |
Cl | 35,453 |
|
|
, ,
,
Pp - .
(, ) , . . 4.1, . , - ,
. 4.1. CCl4 (1), C2H5OH (2) H2O (3) .
,
(2) | ||
(3) |
, , , .
( ) (. 4.2) , . (2) (3); . . 4.3 , .
, , , . , , ( , 100). , , , .
4.2.
N / | ( )* | , | 20 , . . | |
2,1 | ||||
3,0 | 80,2 | |||
33,0 | 117,7 | 4,7 | ||
13,5 | 136−145 | 10,0 | ||
6,1 | 110,8 | 22,3 | ||
7,0 | ||||
- | 3,0 | 76,8 | 91,2 | |
2,9 | 77,15 | 7,3 | ||
8,3 | 78,3 | 44,0 | ||
4,3 | ||||
>8,3 | 17,54 |
* ( ) , .
i -o ,
|
|
(4) |
- i - , (2) (3).
(5) |
n - .
, , (, , ).
(6) |
(6) . , , − . , , , - .
, , (. . 4.1), . c (1), (4) (6)
(7) |
,
(8) |
, , , .
, , , ( ) , , . k, :
(9) |
(. . ), (, , . 4.2) . (), , .
, (. , , . 4.2) , . . .
, , PT = kP0 = PKP .
, >ko, 3(. . 4.2), , . , .
. . ,
(10) |
|
|
(11) |
, , , .
4.3.
, | 3 | ||||||
(CH3)2CO | (2)* | 8,897 | 1942,59 | - | |||
C6H6 | (3) | 5,5-160 | 6,912 | 1214,64 | 221,2 | ||
C4H9OH | (2) | 75-117,5 | 9,136 | - | |||
C6H4(CH3)2 | (3) | 25-50 | 7,356 | 1671,8 | 231,0 | ||
C6H5CH3 | (3) | 20-200 | 6,953 | 1343,94 | 219,38 | ||
C6H11OH | (2)* | 6,835 | 1755,07 | - | |||
CCl4 | (3) | 15 - +138 | 6,934 | 1242,43 | 230,0 | ||
CH3CO2C2H5 | (2)* | 8,238 | 1867,87 | - | |||
C2H5OH | (2)* | 9,554 | 2318,0 | - | |||
C2H5OC2H4OH | (2)* | 8,348 | 2198,38 | - |
* , .
. 4.2. .
. ( ) , = 0 = .
() ( ). ³ ( , £ 0, . 4.2), . £ ( , ³ 0, . . 4.2), , . :
(12) |
(13) |
(14) |
, i -o () ,
(15) |
( )
(16) |