, , . . , , , . . , , .
II (Regular Verbs) (Irregular Verbs). . , (Past Indefinite) II (Participle II) -ed : to work - ; worked - , . , (Past Indefinite) II (Participle II) , .
, ( ) :The executive power belongs to the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. The public do not elect the Lords. The Cabinet of Ministers introduces legislation. (Auxiliary Verbs) . - (Link-Verbs) , .
: . :
1. 3- -(e)s, to have to be. to have has 3- . .: The UK has close relationship with Commonwealth counties.
The Tenses ( )
Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous. :
1. (Simple Tenses) , .
2. (Continuous Tenses), , .
3. (Perfect Tenses) , , .
4. (Perfect Continuous Tenses) , , , , .
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not, . Present Indefinite to do , Past Indefinite did. ( to do):
. Present Past Simple to do. , .
. , .
1. (the Indicative Mood) , , .
The Commonwealth has adopted a number of symbols that represent its members. Even today, Princess Diana reminds the icon to the people of the world.
2. (The Subjunctive Mood) , .
If he were here he would help us to find some fresh news about New Zealand.
3. . .
Tell us about political parties of Canada.
Show me the map of Australia.
(Voice)
, , (Active Voice), . (Passive Voice).
, (Active Voice).
In Australia the Governor-General represents the Queen.
, (Passive Voice).
In Australia the Queen is represented by the Governor-General.
(Auxiliary Verbs)
- , . : to be, to have, to do, shall, should, will, would.
Be
to be :
1. Continuous Perfect Continuous :
Where is the front office manager?
He is busy now. He is selecting new employees for reception.
What have you been doing since I saw you last? -
2. .
It is not allowed to throw rubbish on the ground.
A new fashionable hotel was built here last year.
to be , , . to be to , . to be must, .
We are to finish with the hotel reconstruction in two months at the most.
.
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to be Past Simple Perfect Infinitive ( - ) , , , .
was to have made a presentation of a new tourist product.
. ( ).
Have
to have Perfect ( Participle II ):
All double rooms have already been occupied.
.
Have you ever been to London?
- ?
to have Present Past Indefinite to do:
Did you have a talk with our dean yesterday? ?
Did you have a pleasant time yesterday? -- ?
to have , .
I have an English textbook. .
He has no ticket for a concert.
to have to . must, must - , :
You see, there are a number of problems that have to be done.
, , .
They had to reconstruct the hotel so that not to loose profits.
, .
to have to do:
Do you have to meet guests at the airport?
?
Do
to do Present Past Simple:
"What tourist destinations do you want to visit in the Russian Federation?"
?
Why did you not come by the nine o'clock train?
?
to do :
Don't go away! -- He !
Don't be late! -- He !
to do Present Past Indefinite :
Who took the dictionary? - I did.
? ().
to do , .
Is there anything I can do for you? -- - ?
He has already done his homework. .
Shall
shall 1 - .
Shall 2- 3- , , , , , :
Close the window or you shall catch cold -- , .
Shall 1- 3- , :
Shall we read? -- ?
Shall I translate? -- ?
Shall I tell you about the political system of Canada?
Should
should to Future in the Past 1- . Should , , , , . should , , .
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Should Indefinite Infinitive :
Leave it all in my hands and all will go as it should --
, , .
Should Perfect Infinitive , , :
I should have spoken to him. -- .
should , - , , it is a pity , it is strange . should , , should .
Should , who, how, why:
How should I know?
?
Why should he think so?
?
I don't know why it should be, I am sure.
, .
Should 1- , , I should say , I should like , I should advise , I should prefer .
I should advise you not to go there.
.
Will
will to 2- 3- .
Will , , , to. will .
All right, I will do it. , (, ).
This pen will not write; give me another one -- , .
Will , 3- :
will sit for hours without saying a word.
( ) , .
Will 2- :
Say I'm here, will you? -- , , .
Will you let me have a look at that letter?
, .
Would
would to Future in the Past 2- 3- , .
Would - , , , , ( to):
The roof is rotten... It would crash upon them all --
. .
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Would , , . , would .
There was something wrong with the lock, it would not open -- - , .
Would to :
They would walk the streets for hours. -- .
Would 2- . would will .
4
(Modal Verbs)
- , , , . . , , , .
can, may, must, ought, need. , , to, , ought. , .