- .
, , .
. .
:
I-V . .. - : kettle, wine, cheese, butter, cheap
VI-VII . - : angel, candle, priest, school, church
XV-XVI . - .
:
XI-XV . - 1066. - : , . . - , .
:
IX . - , . : they, their, take, give, call, get, raise, want.
, , , - .
:
- 5-11. ( , . ).
- 11-15. ( )
- 15.
: . . , .
-. , , .
:
-
-
-
1) ( ) - , .
. .: ballet, bouquet, : , .
2) - , , . .
audio . - audience, audible
demos . - demography, democracy
3) - , .
:
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masterpiece - .
blue stocking - .
under consideration - .
:
: kettle, wine, cheese, butter, circus, angel, candle, priest, church, school,
: alphabet, character, psychology, Christmas, sympathy, physics
: take, give, want, get, their, them, they, leg, egg
: - : government, parliament, treaty, majesty;
- : peach, lemon, beef, bacon, cream, biscuit;
- : baptism, sermon;
- : dance, chess, music, restaurant, pleasure, leisure;
- : romance, poet, literary, story;
- : treasure, memoirs, bouquet, ballet, fiance, cartoon, engineer, cigarette, machine
I. - .
- .
:
()
()
:
() ()
1) - , , , , .. .
to help: , -
stock: - ,
2) - , , , . , . .
to starve: -
wife: -
deer: -
affection: - , - ,
3) - (, , , ..)
the tongues of flame,
the tongue of a bell,
the foot of a page,
the foot of a mountain
a fox -
4) - .
iron: -
glass: -
the foot: -
coin: -
5) - , ,
Imp - () - ( ) - () ,
gay - , -
6) -
Knight - - - ,
- , , .. , , , , , , .
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30
.
Queen's English (RP- Received Pronunciation)
, , 3% . , . , . .
, . , RP-. , .
Queen's English , . , . , RP .
King's English
US GB English
, , , . , , .
, , - . , , , , .
, US GB English . , , I haven't got I don't have , , . , .
, radio, teenager, immigrant - . Queen's English.
, OK, I guess .
, :
American variant British variant
1st Floor ground floor
2st Floor 1st floor
Administration government
Apartment flat
Appetizer starter
Assignment homework
Auditorium assembly hall
Baggage luggage
Basement cellar
Bill bank note
Billion milliard
Blue sad
Can tin
Checkers draughts
Class course
Closet wardrobe
Cookie biscuit
corn maize
Couch sofa
Druggist chemist
Elevator lift
Eraser (india) rubber
fall autumn
Fix repair
Freeway motorway
Game match
Gasoline petrol
Grade mark
Insure ensure
Intersection, junction cross-roads
Kerosene paraffin
Last name surname
line queue
Loan lend
Located situated
Magician conjurer
Mail post
Metro/subway tube/underground
movies cinema
Napkin serviette
Oatmeal porridge
Package , parcel
Pantry larder
Pants trousers
Paraffin white wax
Pavement road
Pool billiards
President chairman
Quiz , test, exam
Raisin sultana
Reserve book
Schedule timetable
Sewer/soil pipe drain
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shop store
Shorts briefs
Shot jab
sidewalk pavement
soccer football
Streetcar tram
Tag label
Taxes rates
Term paper essay/project
Truck lorry
Two weeks fortnight
Underpass subway
vacation holiday
Vacuum cleaner hoover
Wharf quay
Wire telegram
Wrench spanner
Zee Z zed
Zip code postal code
Standard English
, () , , , : , Queen's English, . Standard English . .
Spoken English
, , . . , , .
, , . , , , , . ESL (Broken English)
, , . Queen's, Standard Spoken, . , , , - Broken English.
. , , , . , , .
, , , .
. , (Fluent), .
, , , , , , .
, , , , . , .
Basic English?
, 850 (1). . 1500 . , , , .
give up = surrender
take off = undress
2500 , , , .
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Colloquial English
. , . . . , - !. .
- , , .
, , .
Slang and Folksy
, , . , Spoken English.
, : , , . , Spoken English, . .
- , , , .
Taboo
, , . , : . hell, .
, , , . , . .
. . ?
- . , , . ,
. . , .
. , . (fryer), , .
, , Broken English, . ?
Ebonica, ebonics
, , . : ivory ( ), ebony ( ).