.


:




:

































 

 

 

 





, . -. - , . , , , . , , , -, .

CPanel

cPanel, . , . - , 50 . , , .

Website Panel

, Website Panel , Windows. Dotnet Panel.

ISPmanager

ISPmanager -. , . .

VPS (Virtual Private Server) , . OpenVZ, FreeBSD Jail . ( userspace) , ( Linux FreeBSD), . - , . , -.

 

VDS (Virtual Dedicated Server) , , CPU. VDS KVM, XEN, VMWare . , x86- ( OS/2 QNX) BIOS. SSD VDS. , , .

colocation , ( . co-location, colo) , , ( ), , . , , .

 

 

EMAIL

telnet :

( ) :

telnet _ 25 -

helo ____

mail from:[email protected] - ,

rcpt to:[email protected] -

data

subject: - , ,

:

.

quit - telnet

 

3) exim,postfix,dovecot

Exim ( . EXperimental Internet Mailer [3]) , Unix

Postfix (MTA mail transfer agent). Postfix , Sendmail.

Postfix , IBM. 1999 .

Postfix , . , , root (TCP 25 )

Dovecot IMAP- POP3-, , . 2002 .

Web -Server

1) -?

"-" .

1. , `-` (HTML , CSS , JavaScript ) (- ..). , , mozilla.org. mozilla.org.

2. , - , - , HTTP . HTTP URL (-) HTTP ( -).

, -, HTTP. - (), HTTP () , HTTP.

 

HTTP- , , . HTTP-, , -, , HTML .

, , -. , URL- - .

, . , , , . HTTPS, . - -. , .

Microsoft IIS Apache. Apache. 60% . , Apache . . , , .

Microsoft, , IIS . . , .

Apache IIS , Mac OS, Linux, Microsoft Windows . , , .

2) Apache+nginx

Apache


Apache HTTP Server 1995 , 1999 Apache Software Foundation Apache. HTTP Apache.

- Apache - 1996 . Apache .

Apache - , . .


Nginx


2002 Nginx C10K 10 . 2004 , event-driven .

Nginx (light-weight resource utilization) . Nginx , .

Nginx - , - -, .

Nginx+Apache

-, (Nginx), - (Apache2), . , Nginx . (, html-, javascript-..), Apache, , , . Apache , Nginx, . : Nginx Apache , . Apache , .

. .

3)

, .
, .

Listen

 

listen.
.
HTTP 80, SSL 443.
80 , :


server { listen 80;}

 

Server_name

 

server_name.

nginx - , URL server server_name.

, http://example.com, server_name example.com.
, server server_name. , nginx.
: server_name -. , admin.example.com .

:

 

server { listen 80; server_name example.com;}

 

Root


root.

, . /var/www, example mkdir, index.html .
, root, :

 

server { listen 80; server_name example.com; root /var/www/example;}

 


, nginx , . nginx

 

service nginx reload

 

: service , apt . : /etc/init.d/nginx reload


IP !

 

4)

Xx

Xx Success

. . , , , , .

, , . , .

4xx , , ( ) . .

Xx

5xx .

, , . , , ( ) .

 

200 OK

 

, , , . , , , .

Moved Permanently

 

. , ( ) URL.

? , , , . 301 , ( .htaccess, Apache).

403 Forbidden

, , .

? , - . , .

404 Not Found

, ? , , , , , . . , 3, .

500 Internal Server Error

, .

? ( ), , .

502 Bad Gateway

502 , , -, .

? , -/ , , .

503 Server Unavailable

. , .

? , .

 

504 Gateway Timeout

- .

? -/, .

4) htacess?

.htaccess HTTP- Apache, . htaccess - .

ServerType

ServerType standalone. , (standalone), . .
standalone inetd, inetd.

Port

, , ( inetd, /etc/services). Port 80. HTTP (. ) Web-.

HostnameLookups

HostnameLookups , IP-. , , HostnameLookups . HostnameLookups off.

User Group

, , . nobody, . (root).
- , . news. . , .

 

HTML

1) html

HTML . :

b;

strong;

CSS- font-weight.

.

: <b>

b HTML :

<b> ""</b>

<b> </b>, ( class, id, title ..)

b HTML, strong, .

: <strong>

HTML, b . , strong HTML , , .

, SEO-. , <strong></strong>, .

strong :

<strong> ""</strong>

, <b> <strong> ( ), , -, . SEO- strong.





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