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- . . - . . . . 1642 . (1623 1662) , . (1646 1716) , . (1792 1871) . , () . . (1912 1954). 1943 . IBM , -1. . 1946 . , ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer ) . . 1949 . , (1903 1957). , , . , . 1948 . , , 1950- . , . , -, Digital Equipment 1956 ., . . 1959 . , Intel, , , , , . 1968 . Burroughs. 1970 Intel , . 4 . 1973 . 8- Intel-8008, 1974 . Intel-8080, 1970- . . Intel-8080 1975 . 8800, , 256 . , ( Microsoft) Basic, . , . . 1979 . IBM (International Business Machine Corporation) . , , . 16- Intel-8088 1 , , Microsoft. 1981 . IBM PC, , . , IBM PC, 90% .
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