, mandibula | 1. , corpus mandibulae. 2. , ramus mandibulae (). |
, maxilla | 1. , corpus maxillae. 4 : ) , facies nasalis; ) , facies orbitalis; ) , facies anterior; ) , facies infratemporalis. 2. , processus frontalis. 3. , processus palatinus. 4. , processus alveolaris. 5. , processus zygomaticus. |
, os palatinum | : 1. , lamina perpendicularis. 2. , lamina horizontalis. : 1. , processus sphenoidalis. 2. , processus orbitalis. 3. , processus pyramidalis. |
, , , , .
. , . .
- . , .
- , , . .
- . .
, , ; . .
, , , - . . , - , .
, orbita, , . , aditus orbitae. , canalis opticus (. 3.21). .
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:
, , pars nasalis, margo supraorbitalis et processus zygomaticus ossis frontalis;
, os zygomaticum;
, margo infrorbitalis et processus frontalis maxillae.
. 3.21 :
1 - ala minor ossis sphenoidalis; 2 - canalis opticus; 3 - for. supraorbitale; 4 - for. ethmoidale posterius; 5 - for. ethmoidale anterius; 6 - os lacrimale; 7 - processus frontalis maxillae; 8 - facies orbitalis maxillae; 9 - processus orbitalis ossis palatini; 10 - sulcus infarorbitalis; 11 - for. infraorbitale; 12 - fissura orbitalis inferior; 13 - ala major ossis shenoidalis; 14 - os zygomaticum; 15 - fissura orbitalis superior; 16 - pars orbitalis ossis frontalis.
4 : , , , . 3.5. 3.6.
3.5
, | |
, paries superior | - , pars orbitalis ossis frontalis; - , ala minor ossis sphenoidalis |
, paries lateralis | - , facies orbitalis alae majoris ossis sphenoidalis; - , faciesorbitalis processus zygomaticus ossis frontalis; - , facies orbitalis ossis zygomatici |
, paries inferior | - , facies orbitalis maxillae; - , facies orbitalis ossis zygomatici; - , processus orbitalis ossis palatini |
, paries medialis | - , processus frontalis maxillae; - , pars nasalis et pars orbitalis ossis frontalis; - , os lacrimale; - , lamina orbitalis labyrinthus ethmoidalis; - , corpus ossis sphenoidalis |
3.6
, | |
, canalis opticus; | - , fossa cranii anterior; |
(), foramen supraorbitale (incisura supraorbitalis) | - , regio frontalis |
, canalis nasolacrimalis | - ( ), cavitas nasi (meatus nasi inferior) |
, foramen ethmoidale anterius | - , cellulae ethmoidales anteriores et medii |
, foramen ethmoidale posterius | - , cellulae ethmoidales posteriores |
, fissura orbiralis inferior | - , fossa infratemporalis; - - , f ossa pterygopalatina |
, fissura orbitalis superior | - , fossa cranii media |
, canalis infraorbitalis | - ( ), facies anterior maxillae (fossa canina) |
, foramen zygomaticoorbitale | - ( ), regio zygomatica (foramen zygomaticofaciale); - ( ), fossa infratemporalis (foramen zygomaticotem-porale) |
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: , canalis nasolacrimalis; , fissura orbitalis inferior; , foramen ethmoidale anterius et foramen ethmoidale posterius (. 3.22).
. 3.22 - .
1 for. rotundum; 2 dorsum sellae; 3 canalis opticus; 4 sulcus prechiasmatis; 5 for. ethmoidale posterius; 6 lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis; 7 for. ethmoidale anterius; 8 os lacrimale; 9 os frontale; 10 sinus frontalis; 11 sutura nasofrontalis; 12 os nasale; 13 vomer; 14 sulcus nasolacrimalis; 15 canalis nasolacrimalis; 16 facies orbitalis maxillae; 17 canalis infraorbitalis; 18 concha nasalis inferior; 19 sinus maxillaris; 20 lamina perpendicularis ossis palatini; 21 canalis palatinus major; 22 processus pyramidalis ossis palatini; 23 hamulus pterygoideus; 24 tuber maxillae; 25 lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei; 26 fossa pterygopalatina; 27 processus orbitalis ossis palatini; 28 for. sphenopalatinum, 29 canalis pterygoideus.
, cavitas nasi, norma facialis. , apertura piriformis, :
, incisurae nasals maxillae;
, ossa nasalia.
, choanae.
:
, vomer;
, corpus ossis sphenoidalis;
, lamina horizontalis ossis palatini;
- , lamina medialis processus pterygoidei ossis sphenoidalis.
: , , . , , 3.7.
3.7