#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class TA{
int a;
int b;
public:
TA (int x=3,int y=4){a=x;b=y;}
friend void print(TA&);
//
/* -, , , , :
*/
TA& operator++(){a++;b++;return *this;}
// :
const TA& operator=(const TA& operand2)
{if(&operand2==this) return *this;
//
//
//
a=operand2.a;b=operand2.b;
}
TA operator+(TA& operand2){
TA sum;
sum.a=a+operand2.a;
sum.b=b+operand2.b;
return sum;
}
bool operator>(TA& operand2){
return (a>operand2.a&&b>operand2.b)? true: false;
}
//
//
//
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,TA &obj)
{out<<"a= "<<obj.a<<"\tb="<<obj.b;
return out;}
friend istream& operator>>(istream& in,TA &obj)
{
cout<<"Vvedite a=";
in>>obj.a;
cout<<"Vvedite b=";
in>>obj.b;
return in;}
};
int main()
{
TA b(4,5),c(1,1);
print(b);
b++;
print(b);
TA s=b+c;
print(s);
if (s>b)cout<<">"<<endl;
cin>>s;
cout<<s<<endl;//a=6 b=7
cin.get();
cin.get();
retrun 0;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void print(TA &obj)
{cout<<obj.a<<"\t"<<obj.b<<endl;}
/*
""
,
- ;
-
:
- ( , );
- ;
- (">>") "<<".
.
*/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <time.h>
class Tvec
{
int *vec;
int n;
public:
Tvec();//
Tvec(int n);//
Tvec(Tvec &);//
~Tvec(){delete [] vec;}//
void Rand(int);// 0
int Sum();//
bool operator==(Tvec&);// "=="
Tvec& operator=(Tvec&);// "="
Tvec operator+(Tvec&);// "+"
|
|
|
//
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&,Tvec&);
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&,Tvec&);
};
int main()
{
Tvec vec1, vec2(10);
vec2.Rand(5);
vec1.Rand(10);
std::cout<<"Ischodnie dannie:"<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"vec1 = "<<vec1<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"vec2 = "<<vec2<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"Sum1 = "<<vec1.Sum()<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"Sum2 = "<<vec2.Sum()<<std::endl;
if(vec1==vec2) std::cout<<"vec1==vec2"<<std::endl;
else std::cout<<"vec1!=vec2"<<std::endl;
Tvec vec3(vec2);
if(vec3==vec2) std::cout<<"vec3==vec2"<<std::endl;
else std::cout<<"vec3!=vec2"<<std::endl;
vec1=vec2;
std::cout<<"Vec1 = "<<vec1<<std::endl;
vec3.Rand(8);
std::cout<<"Vec3 = "<<vec3<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"Vec1+Vec3 = "<<vec1+vec3<<std::endl;
std::cin.get();
return 0;
}
Tvec::Tvec()
{ this->n=5;
vec=new int[n];
}
Tvec::Tvec(int n=5)
{ this->n=n;
vec=new int[n];
}
Tvec::Tvec(Tvec &obj)
{this->n=obj.n; vec=new int[n];
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
vec[i]=obj.vec[i];
};
void Tvec::Rand(int k)
{
srand(time(NULL));
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
vec[i]=rand()%k;
}
int Tvec::Sum()
{
int S(0);
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
S+=vec[i];
return S;
}
bool Tvec::operator==(Tvec& obj)
{
int S1=this->Sum();
int S2=obj.Sum();
return (S1==S2);
}
Tvec& Tvec::operator=(Tvec& obj)
{
if(this==&obj) return *this;
this->~Tvec();
n=obj.n;
vec=new int[n];
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
vec[i]=obj.vec[i];
return *this;
}
Tvec Tvec::operator+(Tvec& obj)
{
int m=n+obj.n;
Tvec Merg(m);
int i(0);
for(;i<n;i++)
Merg.vec[i]=vec[i];
for(;i<m;i++)
Merg.vec[i]=obj.vec[i-n];
return Merg;
}
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in,Tvec& obj)
{
for(int i(0);i<obj.n;i++)
in>>obj.vec[i];
return in;
}
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out,Tvec& obj)
{
for(int i(0);i<obj.n;i++)
out<< obj.vec[i]<<" ";
out<<'\n';
return out;
}
Ischodnie dannie:
vec1 = 7 4 8 5 3
vec2 = 2 4 3 0 3 4 0 1 3 1
Sum1 = 27
Sum2 = 21
vec1!=vec2
vec3==vec2
Vec1 = 2 4 3 0 3 4 0 1 3 1
Vec3 = 1 0 4 1 1 7 1 7 4 3
Vec1+Vec3 = 2 4 3 0 3 4 0 1 3 1 1 0 4 1 1 7 1 7 4 3
5.4
. . : *.h *.cpp. :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
|
|
|
6.
7.
8.
9.
5.6
1
. :
1) , ;
2) , .
2
. , .
. , .
3
. :
1) , ;
2) , .
4
. :
1) , ;
2) , .
5
. :
1) , ;
2) , .
6
. :
1) , ;
2) .
7
8 8 k, k- k- .
, .
8
. , .
, .
9
- 
i-1 
i+1, j-1 
j+1, (, ) 
(i, j). , . 10 10. , .
10
, . 10 10.
, .
11
. .
, .
12
, , . , .
13
( ), .
14
MxN k : 1- , , , ; .
|
|
|
15
. , .
. , .
16
.
, .
17
, , (2,2), (3,3) . ., .
, .
18
. :
1) , ;
2) , .
19
. :
1) , ;
2) , .
20
. :
1) , ;
2) .
Tmatr.cpp
/*
" "
.
: *.h *.cpp.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. ( )
8.
:
1. ;
2. .
*/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "TmatrH.h"
int main()
{
Nmatr::Tmatr matr1, matr2(10,5);
matr1.Rand(5);
matr2.Rand(10);
std::cout<<"Ischodnie dannie:"<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"matr1 = \n"<<matr1<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"matr2 = \n"<<matr2<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"Sum1 = \n"<<matr1.Sum()<<std::endl;
std::cout<<"Sum2 = \n"<<matr2.Sum()<<std::endl;
// "<"
if(matr1<matr2) std::cout<<"matr1<matr2"<<std::endl;
else std::cout<<"matr1>=matr2"<<std::endl;
Nmatr::Tmatr matr3(matr2);
if(!(matr3<matr2)||(matr2<matr3)) std::cout<<"matr3==matr2"<<std::endl;
matr1=matr2;
std::cout<<"matr1 = \n"<<matr1<<std::endl;
Nmatr::Tmatr matr4;
matr4.LoadFromFile("TextMatr.txt");
std::cout<<"matr4 = \n"<<matr4<<std::endl;
matr4.SaveFromFile("TextMatrOut.txt");
//
matr4.SortStr(2);
std::cout<<"matr4 = \n"<<matr4<<std::endl;
|
|
|
return 0;
}
TmatrH.h
#ifndef TmatrH
#define TmatrH
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <time.h>
namespace Nmatr{
class Tmatr
{
int **matr;
int n,m;
public:
Tmatr();//
Tmatr(int,int);//
Tmatr(Tmatr &);//
~Tmatr();//
void Rand(int);// 0
int Sum();//
bool operator<(Tmatr&);// "<"
Tmatr& operator=(Tmatr&);// "="
//
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&,Tmatr&);
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&,Tmatr&);
void LoadFromFile(char*);//
void SaveFromFile(char*);//
void SortStr(int);//
};
//
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&,Tmatr&);
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&,Tmatr&);
}//end namespace Nmatr
#endif
Tmatr.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "TmatrH.h"
Nmatr::Tmatr::Tmatr()
{ this->n=5;
this->m=5;
matr=new int*[n];
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
matr[i]=new int[m];
}
Nmatr::Tmatr::Tmatr(int n, int m)
{
this->n=n;
this->m=m;
matr=new int*[n];
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
matr[i]=new int[m];
}
Nmatr::Tmatr::Tmatr(Tmatr &obj)
{
this->n=obj.n;
this->m=obj.m;
matr=new int*[n];
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
matr[i]=new int[m];
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
for(int j(0);j<m;j++)
matr[i][j]=obj.matr[i][j];
};
Nmatr::Tmatr::~Tmatr()
{
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
delete[]matr[i];
delete[]matr;
}
void Nmatr::Tmatr::Rand(int k)
{
srand(time(NULL));
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
for(int j(0);j<m;j++)
matr[i][j]=rand()%k;
}
int Nmatr::Tmatr::Sum()
{
int S(0);
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
for(int j(0);j<m;j++)
S+=matr[i][j];
return S;
}
bool Nmatr::Tmatr::operator<(Nmatr::Tmatr& obj)
{
int S1=this->Sum();
int S2=obj.Sum();
return (S1<S2);
}
Nmatr::Tmatr& Nmatr::Tmatr::operator=(Nmatr::Tmatr& obj)
{
if(this==&obj) return *this;
this->~Tmatr();
this->n=obj.n;
this->m=obj.m;
matr=new int*[n];
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
matr[i]=new int[m];
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
for(int j(0);j<m;j++)
matr[i][j]=obj.matr[i][j];
return *this;
}
std::istream& Nmatr::operator>>(std::istream& in,Nmatr::Tmatr& obj)
{
for(int i(0);i<obj.m;i++)
for(int j(0);j<obj.m;j++)
in>>obj.matr[i][j];
return in;
}
std::ostream& Nmatr::operator<<(std::ostream& out,Nmatr::Tmatr& obj)
{
for(int i(0);i<obj.n;out<<'\n',i++)
for(int j(0);j<obj.m;j++)
{
out.width(5);
out<<obj.matr[i][j];
}
out<<'\n';
return out;
}
void Nmatr::Tmatr::LoadFromFile(char* FilaName)//
{
this->~Tmatr();
matr=new int*[n];
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
matr[i]=new int[m];
std::ifstream in(FilaName);
in>>this->n;
in>>this->m;
for(int i(0);i<n;i++)
for(int j(0);j<m;j++)
in>>matr[i][j];
}
void Nmatr::Tmatr::SaveFromFile(char* FilaName)//
{ std::ofstream out(FilaName);
out<<this->n<<' ';
out<<this->m<<'\n';
for(int i(0);i<n;out<<'\n',i++)
for(int j(0);j<m;j++)
{
out.width(5);
out<<matr[i][j];
}
out<<'\n';
}
void Nmatr::Tmatr::SortStr(int k)//
{
if((k<0)||(k>=n))return;
for(int i(0);i<m;i++)
for(int j(0);j<m-1-i;j++)
if(matr[k][j]>matr[k][j+1])
{
int tmp=matr[k][j];
matr[k][j]=matr[k][j+1];
matr[k][j+1]=tmp;
}
}
6 , ,
6.2
() . , , .
: date birthday.
ß
| class date { int day, month, year; public: date(int,int,int); date(char*); }; |
|
|
|
| class birthday: public date { public: string name; }; |
. , . .
- .
:
private () - ;
protected () private, - ;
public () , .
, , .
.
class Derived: _ Base1 [, _ Base2,...] {...};
. , .
. - , , (private < protected < public).
. private public .
private, private . , public .
. .
ß
| class Base { public: void f1(); }; |
| class Derived: private Base { public: Base::f1; // f1() }; |
private, public .
, .
. .
date
ß
| class date { protected: int day, month, year; public: date(int,int,int); void set_year(int y); void print(); }; date::date(int d, int m, int y) { day = d; month = m; year = y; } void date::set_year(int y) { year = y; print(); } void date::print() { printf("%d-%d-%d\n", day, month, year); } |
birthday:
ß
| class birthday: public date { public: char name[80]; birthday(int d, int m, int y, char* n); void print(); }; birthday::birthday(int d, int m, int y, char* n): date(d, m, y) { strcpy(name, n); } void birthday::print() { printf("%d-%d-%d, dear %s\n", day, month, year, name); } |
ß
| date* d = new date(19, 10, 1951); birthday* b = new birthday(19, 10, 1951, "Bond"); d->set_year(2001); b->set_year(2001); |
: "19-10-1951" .
date::print() ,
ß
| virtual void print(int y); |
:
"19-10-1951"
"19-10-1951, dear Bond".
, virtual.
:
1) static;.
2) virtual , .
3) , , .. .
| virtual void print() = 0; |
, , , . .
