300
300- -
- - --
32.973.2-027
681.3(075)
60
:
. ., ,
-
. ., -
. , . .
60 : . .: , 2004. 668 : .
ISBN 5-94723-759-8
, . - , , , , -. . . . 25- .
, .
32.973.2-027
681.3(075)
. .
, , , . , , , .
ISBN 5-94?23-759-8 . 2004
.................................................................................................................................... 15
1.
..................................................................................................................... 19
2. ................................................................................. 52
|
|
3.
- ........................................................................................ 126
4. ................................................................................................... 155
5. .................................................................................................................... 197
6. ........................................................................................ 293
7. ....................................... 327
8. /........................................................................................ 387
9. ......................................... 413
10.
.......................................................................................................... 477
11. ................................................ 493
12. .................................................................. 524
13. SIMD.......................................................... 552
14. MIMD.......................................................... 586
15.
................................................................................................................ 613
............................................................................................................................. 637
................................................................................................................ 638
......................................................................................................... 653
..................................................................................................................................15
............................................................................................................................. 18
........................................................................................................................... 18
1.
....................................................................................... 19
....................................................................................... 20
........................................................ 21
......................................................................... 23
(1492-1945)................................................................... 25
(1937-1953)..................................................................... 27
(1954-1962).................................................................... 30
(1963-1972)...................................................................... 31
|
|
(1972-1984)................................................................ 32
(1984-1990)...................................................................... 33
(1990-)............................................................................ 34
........................................................... 35
................................................................. 36
............................................................. 37
..................................................................... 37
...................................................................................... 38
- ..................................................................... 38
...................................................................... 40
.............................................................. 40
............................................................. 41
.......................................................... 42
....................................... 43
.......... 50
................................................................................................................ 50
2. ................................................................................. 52
............................................................................ 54
............................................ 54
............................................. 56
................................................................................. 61
............................................. 63
....................................................................................................... 64
.................................................................................... 65
............................................................................... 80
.......................................................................................... 83
............................................................................................................... 84
.............................................................................. 84
............................................................................................................................... 87
............................................................................ 88
....................................... 88
SlMD-.................................................................................................. 90
................................................................... 92
............................................................................... 92
/.................................................................................... 92
....................................................................... 93
............................................................ 93
|
|
........................................................................................................................ 96
................................................................................................. 96
........................................................................... 97
........................................................................ 98
............................................................................ 100
.................................................................... 102
.................... 115
........................................................................................ 116
............................................................................................................ 123
3.
- ......................................................................................... 126
- ................................. 126
................................................................................ 127
- ............................................................ 129
........................................................................................... 130
/.................................................................................... 131
....................................................................................... 131
................................................................. 132
................................................................... 138
........................................................................................................................... 138
....................................................................................................................... 138
................................ 141
.................................................... 144
.................................................................. 144
.......................................................... 146
...................................................................... 148
............................................................................................ 148
................................................................ 150
........................................ 150
............................................................ 152
......................................................... 153
............................................................................................................ 153
4. ..................................................................................................... 155
.................................................................................................................................. 158
|
|
-........................................................................... 158
/....................................................................................... 158
............................................................................................ 159
.......................................................................................................................... 160
..................................................... 160
............................................ 160
............................................ 161
................................................................................................... 161
.................................................................................. 161
................................................................................. 162
................................................................................................... 166
............................................... 170
........................................................................................................................... 171
...................................................................................... 171
.......................................................................................... 173
........................................................................................................................ 180
................................................................................. 181
................................................................................. 182
............................. 185
............................................................................... 187
.................................................. 187
........................................................................ 188
........................................................ 188
...................................................... 189
................................................................................... 190
.......................... 190
........................................................................................... 191
............................................................................................................... 192
............................................................................................................ 195
5. ...................................................................................................................... 1 97
.............................................................................................. 197
....................................................................................... 199
...................................................................................................................... 203
....................................................... 204
.................................................................. 207
............................ 213
.................................................... 213
...................................................... 225
.................. 229
..................................................... 230
..................................................................................... 236
....................................................................................................................... 244
|
|
............................................................................................................. 245
-............................................................................................................................... 249
-...................................................................................... 251
............................................................................................... 252
-....................... 252
-........................................................................................... 257
-
.............................................................................. 259
-...................................................... 260
-.......................................... 261
-................................................................................... 262
................................................................................................. 263
.................................................................. 264
- ................................................ 268
........................................................................ 269
...................................................................................................................... 271
........................................................................................... 271
.............................................. 275
........................................................................................ 286
.......................................................................................... 290
............................................................................................................ 291
6. ........................................................................................ 293
..................................................................... 293
.............................................................................................. 295
........................................................................................... 296
..................................................................... 300
.................................................... 302
................. 303
......................................................................... 304
................. 309
......................................................... 315
.......................................................................................... 323
............................................................................................................ 325
7.
....................................................................................... 327
....................................................................................... 329
...................................... 329
........................... 331
.................................................................... 337
................................................................................ 337
..................................................................................................... 339
......................................................................... 340
........................................................................ 343
......................................... 345
................................................................................. 347
................................................ 347
................................................ 351
......................................................................................................... 370
........................................................... 371
......................................................... 371
........................................................................... 372
...................................................................................... 376
............................... 376
............................................... 377
SRT............................................................................................... 377
............................................. 380
.................................................................. 380
............................................................................... 81
.................................................................................. 382
................................................................................ 382
................................................................................................... 383
........................................................................................................ 384
........................................................................................... 384
............................................................................................................ 85
8. /........................................................................................ 387
/..................................................................... 388
................................................................................................................ 390
/.............................................................................................................. 392
........................................................................................... 392
........................................................................................ 396
/................................................................................... 398
/....................................................... 399
/ ...................................................................... 400
.............................................................................. 403
/...................................................................................... 407
................................................................................ 410
............................................................................................................ 411
9.
........................................................................................................... 413
.................................................................................................. 413
............................................................. 414
......................................................... 415
.............................................................................. 416
.......................................................................................... 417