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Mojno wverennostyu wtverjdat, something ïstokov modern psïxologïï stoyat vıdayuşçegosya espoused avstrïyskogo psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. His pravw nazıvayut "otcom" modern psïxologïï. Centralnım projection opïsanïï lïçnostï Waugh vzglyadax Z. Freud yavlyalas concept neosoznavaemıx psïxïçeskïx processes. However, in those times arrive 20 x godov Freud except peresmotrel konceptwalnwyu model psïxïçeskoy life and vvel anatomïyu lïçnostï Tree Structure: id, ego and superego.
Eid
Id. Word "ID" proïsxodït latïnskogo fire, "Ono" and, along Freud This means ïsklyuçïtelno prïmïtïvnıe, instinctive and vrojdennıe aspects lïçnostï. Eid set fwnkcïonïrwet bessoznatelnom and crowded svyazano pervïçnımï potrebnostyamï (food, sweet, defecation), the latter being napolnyayut Nashe povedenïe énergïey. Ordered to Freud, ID - neçto dark, bïologïçeskoe xaotïçnoe or znayuşçee zakonov or podçïnyayuşçeesya Rules. Eid soxranyaet svoe Central Value THROUGHOUT individuals vsey His Life. Yavlyayas Samoa staroy ïsxodnoy strwktwroy psïxïkï ID vırajaet pervïçnıy principle vsey Human Life nemedlennıy a splash of energy psïxïçeskoy proïzvodïmoy Biology obwslovlennımï pobwjdenïyamï (osobenno sekswalnımï and agressïvnımï). Nemedlennaya discharge won the napryajenïya Title principle wdovolstvïya. Eid sledwet from étogo principle vırajaya Manerba itself in impulsive selfishly common or obraşçaya vnïmanïya posledstvïya drwgïx and voprekï samosoxranenïyu. Ïnaçe govorya ID mojno sravnït the last King of slepım whose brwtalnaya Power and authority zastavlyayut to podçïnyatsya no realïzovat Power, ten vınwjden opïratsya svoïx poddannıx.
Freud opïsal Two mechanism, posredstvom kotorıx ID ïzbavlyaet Personality napryajenïya fire: the reflex action and pervïçnıe process. Mayday signal from slwçae ID responds automatically vozbwjdenïya and gestures, rather, srazw snïmaet vızıvaemoe irritant voltage. Prïmerı podobnıx vrojdennıx reflex mexanïzmov kaşel reply razdrajenïe verxnïx dıxatelnıx way and slezı When Glaser popadaet sorïnka. However, Nadeau prïznat, something reflex action or always snïjayut level razdrajenïya or napryajenïya. So, such a one reflex Dust golodnomw rebenkw dostat pïşçw. When reflex or mojet valid Curl Action vstwpaet voltage function ID nazıvaemaya Custom pervïçnım processor predstavlenïya. Eid formïrwet psïxïçeskïy image objects, pervonaçalno svyazannogo wdovletvorenïem quickly potrebnostï. Prïmere golodnım rebenkom detail the process mojet Call image materïnskoy sternum or bwtıloçkï moloka. Other prïmerı pervïçnogo process predstavlenïya obnarwjïvayutsya dreams, hallucinations or psïxozax.
Pervïçnıe process nelogïçnaya ïrracïonalnaya and fantasy form çeloveçeskïx predstavlenïy xarakterïzwyuşçayasya nesposobnostyu podavlyat momentum and razlïçat realnoe and nerealnoe, "includes" and "includes". Slojnost Behaviors sootvetstvïï pervïçnım processor zaklyuçaetsya volume, something indi- vidual or mojet provodït razlïçïya aktwalnım cities obektom sposobnım wdovletvoryat potrebnost, and its gestures. Such as the water and cities and Human mïrajom of water, along bredwşçego pwstıne. Poétomw wtverjdal Freud, mladenca GX nevıpolnïmoy task nawçïtsya otkladıvat wdovletvorenïe svoïx pervïçnıx needs. Sposobnost otsroçennomw wdovletvorenïyu vpervıe voznïkaet When little children ponïmayut, something pomïmo Their sobstvennıx Wish nwjd and, say More and External world. Poyavlenïem étogo knowledge voznïkaet vtoraya structure lïçnostï ego.
ego
Ego (from the Latin. "Ego" and "Z") - a component on it psïxïçeskogo machine, otvetstvennıy Last prïnyatïe reşenïy. Stremïtsya ego vırazït and wdovletvorït wishes ID sootvetstvïï ogranïçenïyamï nalagaemımï External Miroir. Except poluchaetsa ego strwktwrw fire and fwnkcïyu ID, evolving energy from nego and borrowing from the Part ID svoïx to nwjd otveçat trebovanïyam Socio realnostï. Gestures, rather, ego pomogaet obespeçït Security and samosoxranenïe body. Such as the golodnıy Man poïskax edı doljen razlïçat image pïşçï voznïkayuşçïy predstavlenïï, and image pïşçï realnostï. Some say Man doljen nawçïtsya rulers and potreblyat pïşçw primarily, anything snïzïtsya voltage. Human deter Goal zastavlyaet to learn, dwmat rasswjdat vosprïnïmat reşat zapomïnat and etc. Sootvetstvenno ego ïspolzwet cognitive and perceptual processes in svoem stremlenïï wdovletvoryat wishes and potrebnostï ID. Otlïçïï fire ID prïroda kotorogo vırajaetsya Search wdovolstvïya, ego podçïnyaetsya prïncïpw realnostï Goal kotorogo Store celostnostï body the way otsroçkï wdovletvorenïya ïnstïnktov up to the moment of Togo, When it will be found vozmojnost dostïç razryadkï convenient sposobom or bwdwt naydenı suitable wslovïya Waugh foreign Wednesday.
superego
Trucks Togo, to Man efficient fwnkcïonïroval in society have ten doljen sïstemw cennostey the norm and étïkï razwmno sovmestïmıx with those things in prïnyatı His okrwjenïï. All on it prïobretaetsya in the process of "socïalïzacïï"; Language strwktwrnoy modelï psychoanalysis posredstvom formation of superego (from the Latin. "super" - "a top" and "ego" and "Z").
Superego Latest component razvïvayuşçeysya lïçnostï. Freud points zrenïya body or rojdaetsya superego. Rather, children Dolj obretat His blagodarya vzaïmodeystvïyu rodïtelyamï wçïtelyamï and drwgïmï "formïrwyuşçïmï" fïgwramï. Bwdwçï moralno étïçeskoy Shiloh, superego GX sledstvïem prodoljïtelnoy Childrens' zavïsïmostï rodïteley fire. Ono naçïnaet proyavlyatsya When rebenok naçïnaet razlïçat "pravïlno" and "wrong" (prïmerno fire from age 3 up to 5 years).
Freud razdelïl superego dve podsïstemı: sovest and ego-ideal. Sovest prïobretaetsya posredstvom rodïtelskïx nakazanïy. Ona svyazana takïmï postwpkamï kotorya rodïtelï nazıvayut "disobedient povedenïem" and poluchaetsa Last kotorya rebenok vıgovor. Sovest vklyuçaet includes sposobnost krïtïçeskoy samoocenke nalïçïe moralnıx zapretov and voznïknovenïe emotions Levin. Pooşçrïtelnıy aspect of the superego on it ego-ideal. Ten formïrwetsya from Togo, something znaçïmıe Lyudi odobryayut or High cenyat. And, Goal dostïgnwta You need vızıvaet çwvstvo samowvajenïya and gordostï.
Superego sçïtaetsya set sformïrovannım When Parent control is replaced samokontrolem. Superego, pıtayas set Luba obşçestvenno to slow down the momentum of the oswjdaemıe the last hand ID pıtaetsya Human napravlyat absolyutnomw soverşenstvw mıslyax slovax and postwpkax. Some say, Ono pıtaetsya wbedït ego preïmwşçestve launched ïdealïstïçeskïx over realïstïçnımï.
Psïxosekswalnıe Development stadïï lïçnostï
Development psychoanalytic theory osnovıvaetsya dvwx predposılkax. Start, or genetïçeskaya predposılka delaet wpor volume, something rannego reliving childhood ïgrayut krïtïçeskwyu role in formïrovanïï vzrosloy lïçnostï. Freud Zhambyl conviction in part, things quickly foundation lïçnostï individual zakladıvaetsya lots projection age, do pyatï years. Vtoraya predposılka sostoït volume, something Man rojdaetsya opredelennım Number sekswalnoy energy (libido), kotoraya austere proxodït svoem in the development of several psïxosekswalnıx via stadïï korenyaşçïxsya instinct processax body.
Freud read prïnadlejït hypothesis çetırex posledovatelnıx Development stadïyax lïçnostï: oralnoy, anal, fallïçeskoy and genital. Obşçwyu Development sxemw Freud vklyuçïl and latent period, the latter being prïxodïtsya promejwtok prïmerno between 6-7 Childrens' godamï life and naçalom polovoy zrelostï. No, strictly govorya latent period on it, or stage. First Tri-Development stadïï fire oxvatıvayut Age Birthday do pyatï years and nazıvayutsya pregenïtalnımï stadïyamï, because the area polovıx organov More prïobrela glavenstvwyuşçey roller stanovlenïï lïçnostï. Çetvertaya stage sovpadaet naçalom pwbertata. Naïmenovanïya study osnovanı nazvanïyax regional bodies, stimulation kotorıx energy discharge prïvodït libido. Chart daetsya opïsanïe Development study psïxosekswalnogo along Freud.
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38 ғ қғ XX ғ әң қ қ қ ә ә. . ө ғ ғ ң қ қ ұғ қ, қ құң қ ү ә ү өә ә ә қ ә . 1885 ә , қ Charcot- ә , Charcot-ң ққ () ң қ ұ. ө қ ң ө өң ү ә . ғқ Anna O ғ Josef Breuer қң қ . ә ө (talking cure) ә қ, ң өң ғ, ңқ ғ . қ ң өң қ қғ қғ ғғ . қ ұ қғ ң қ қ.
