: TCP/IP.
TCP/IP.
TCP/IP , .
Arp- ,
ARP (AddressResolutionProtocol - IP-)
hostname- . .
Ipconfig- TCP/IP: IP-, , , WINS (WindowsInternetNamingService) DNS (DomainNameSystem)
Nbtstat- NetBIOS, TCP/IP. NetBIOS.
Netstat- TCP/IP.
Nslookup- , , , DNS.
Ping- TCP/IP .
Route- IP. , IP.
Tracert- - ICMP (InternetControlMessageProtocol). .
1 arp
2 hostname
3 ipconfig
4 nbtstat
5 netstat
6 nslookup
7 ping
8 route
9 tracert
:
1. TCP/IP?
ping (PacketInternetGrouper) TCP/IP . .
2. ping ?
ping - ICMP -. Ping . . , ping , .
|
|
3. ?
(, ), TCP/IP.
4. ?
(feedbackloop) - , () () () .
5. IP-, 30?
30, .. , , TTL 1. , TTL . , TTL 0, - ICMP .
6. tracert?
tracert : 3 - , . .
7. ARP?
ARP IP- (MAC-). ARP- ARP- (ARP-). , ARP , IP-.
TCP/IP. , TCP/IP, ping, tracert . TCP/IP.