Fast Ethernet
Fast Ethernet , , bt= 0,01 . , Ethernet, , 100 / . , , FastEthernet Ethernet . - .
FastEthernet 136 205 ҭҏᴏ, , . 5 - 10 ҭҏᴏ.
Fast Ethernet Ethernet : Fast Ethernet , 10 Ethernet, . , Ethernet.
Fast Ethernet - , , 10 /c. , .
Gigabit Ethernet
GigabitEthernet Ethernet 1000 /. 1999 Gigabit Ethernet IEEE.
, CSMA/CD , Gigabit Ethernet 25 ҭҏᴏ. , 100 ҭҏᴏ, . .
Ethernet : 10 /, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet.
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100VG-AnyLAN
Fast Ethernet AT&T HP 100 / - 100Base-VG (VoiceGrade - , , ).
1995 100VG-AnyLAN IEEE. 100VG-AnyLAN Demand Priority -
Demand Priority , . , , , (. 1). , . - , , . , . Demand Priority - 95% Hewlett-Packard.
ҭҏᴏ , - 2- ҭҏᴏ 100 ҭҏᴏ ҏ.
, ҭҏᴏ , 5000 .
100VG-AnyLAN , - Fast Ethernet. , 100VG-AnyLAN, , Fast Ethernet, Ethernet.
Token Ring
Token Ring , . , Ethernet, , . , . Token Ring IBM 1984 . Token Ring 4 / 16 / .
Token Ring Ethernet.
- . 4 / 5000 , 16 / - 20 000 . , , . 260, - 4 . 100 .
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IBM Token Ring, High- Speed Token Ring. 100 155 /, Token Ring 16 /.
FDDI
FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) - - , - .
FDDI ANSI (American National Standards Institute) 1984 . ҭҏᴏ ( Ethernet Token Ring). , .
FDDI , Token Ring, .. ( ).
Token Ring FDDI ҭҏᴏ , . - FDDI. , .. ( 3).
FDDI : - 500, - 100 , - 2 .
ҭҏᴏ OSI ҭҏᴏ . →4. , ҭҏᴏ FDDI , . .
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Ethernet,
Ethernet - , OSI. Ethernet 5 , Ethernet - 50 . Ethernet - , Xerox 1975 IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers).
- CSMA/ CD (carrier- sense - multiply- acces with collision detection)- . . , , . Ethernet. Ethernet 10 /.
Ethernet .
, () . , (carrier- sense, CS). (5 - 10 ). , . , , , , .
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TCP/IP. TCP/IP
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TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol ( / Internet). - , .
, TCP/IP , , Internet . , , , IP-.
TCP/IP , , . , TCP/IP .
TCP/IP
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol, ): 32- IP- , , 48- Ethernet.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol, ): TCP-. , - Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) - UDP, TCP.
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol, Internet): IP- IP- . ICMP- "" IP- IP.
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol, Internet): IP- (multicast) , .
IP (Internet Protocol, Internet): , , Internet . "" , IP-.
RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol, ): IP-.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, ): , SMTP-, , SMTP-, .
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol, ): . - TCP-, - TCP . TCP - "" , , , .
UDP (User Datagram Protocol, ): , , , UDP-. UDP - "" , , , .
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, . , , , , .
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, , :
- , Distance Vector Algorithm (DVA);
, Link State Algorithm (LSA).
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- (. Client-server) , , , , . . , . ( HTTP, FTP, BitTorrent ) ( , c , web- ).
- -.
, , , . , , , .
, .
. , , , , . .
.
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